Self-controlled feedback is effective if it is based on the learner's performance

The study follows up on the contention that self-controlled feedback schedules benefit learning because they are more tailored to the performers' needs than externally controlled feedback schedules (Chiviacowsky & Wulf, 2002). Under this assumption, one would expect learning advantages for individuals who decide whether they want to receive feedback after a trial rather than before a trial. Participants practiced a sequential timing task, and all could decide the trials on which they received feedback. One group ("self-after") decided after every trial whether they wanted to receive feedback for that trial while another group ("self-before") made that decision before each trial The self-after group showed learning benefits on a delayed transfer test (novel absolute timing requirements) with regard to overall timing and relative-timing accuracy. Thus, self-controlled feedback was more effective when the learner could make a decision about receiving feedback after the trial. This seems to support the view that self-controlled feedback benefits learning, because learners can make a decision about feedback based on their performance on a given trial.     

Die Mitwirkungsbefugnisse der Betriebsratsvorsitzenden im Universit?tsrat

Mit dem Universit?tsrechts-?nderungsgesetz 2009, BGBl 2009/81, wurden die Mitwirkungsrechte der Betriebsr?te im Universit?tsrat gest?rkt. Zweck dieser Neuerung war es die Betriebsr?te in die Lage zu versetzen, ihre arbeitsverfassungsrechtlichen Befugnisse gegenüber der Universit?tsleitung noch wirksamer als bisher vertreten zu k?nnen. Die neuen Instrumente umfassen das Recht auf Einladung und Teilnahme an den Sitzungen und das Recht auf Stellung von Antr?gen, das freilich gewissen Einschr?nkungen unterliegt. Neu hinzugekommen ist auch die Befugnis, zus?tzliche Punkte auf die Tagesordnung der Sitzungen des Universit?tsrats setzen zu lassen sowie ein diesbezügliches Stimmrecht. Dieses ist jedoch an die Kompetenzen des Universit?tsrats und die bestehenden arbeitsverfassungsrechtlichen Befugnisse der Betriebsr?te geknüpft. Schlie?lich haben Betriebsr?te nun auch ein Recht auf Zustellung von Protokollabschriften. Insgesamt handelt es sich um nicht unerhebliche neue Kontrollbefugnisse mit pr?ventiver Funktion. Der folgende Beitrag untersucht die neue Rechtslage rechtsdogmatisch und zeigt die Inhalte, aber auch die Grenzen der neuen Mitwirkungsbefugnisse auf.     

Expert and preservice secondary teachers’ competencies for noticing student thinking about modelling

Educational Studies in Mathematics - This study examined how expert and novice (preservice) teachers solved mathematical modelling tasks as well as how they noticed written artifacts of student...     

Creativity in students’ modelling competencies: conceptualisation and measurement

Educational Studies in Mathematics - Modelling competencies are currently included in numerous curricula worldwide and are generally accepted as a complex, process-oriented construct. Therefore,...     

Development of Prospective Teachers’ Noticing Skills Within Initial Teacher Education

International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education - Although the effects of professional development programs on teachers’ noticing skills have attracted considerable interest among...     

Student Engagement in a Flipped Secondary Mathematics Classroom

International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education - Many students are becoming increasingly disengaged in school, particularly in mathematics. This is an important problem as lack of...     

Electronic reading and digital library technologies: understanding learner expectation and usage intent for mobile learning

Mobile information technology is changing the education landscape by offering learners the opportunity to engage in asynchronous, ubiquitous instruction. While there is a proliferation of mobile content management systems being developed for the mobile Web and stand-alone mobile applications, few studies have addressed learner expectations and usage intent in consuming digital documents from online content providers and digital libraries with specific emphasis on formal instruction. Understanding usage intent and actual usage of a mobile learning agent as a result of ease of use and usefulness of mobile devices will be addressed in this study. A research framework for instructional technology usage is proposed to help better articulate critical success factors in implementing formal learning using a mobile device, specifically an electronic reader or a tablet computer.     

Moderate Alcohol Consumption and Psychological Stress during Pregnancy Induce Attention and Neuromotor Impairments in Primate Infants

This study examined the effect of moderate alcohol and/or psychological stress during prenancy on off-spring growth and behavior in 33 rhesus monkey infants ( Macaca mulatta ). Infants were derived from 1 of 3 groups of female: (1) alcohol-consuming,0.6g/Kg, Daily throughou gestation (equivalet, to 1-2 drinks), beginning 5 day prior to breeding;(2) alcohol-consuming (as above) and exposed to mild psychological stress(removal from home cage and exposed to 3 random noise bursts); (3) sucrose-consuming, equivolemic, and equicaloric to the alcohol solution.Beginning on day 4 postpartum, intantrs underwent brief weekly separations from their mother for assessment of growth, behavior, and facial dimensions. Results indicated that moderate alcohol consumption throughout pregnancy was sufficient to affect attention and neuromotor functioning, even though the infants were normol in birthweight, gestational length, and facial dimensions, Moreover, alcohol-induced neuromotor impairments were exacerbated by maternal exposure to psychological stress, and males from the alcohol/stress condition had reduced birthweights. Finally, although all females consuming alcohol produced viable offspring, alcohol accompanie by stress during gestation resulted in 23% fetal losses (abortion and stillbirths).