全文获取类型
收费全文 | 11301篇 |
免费 | 106篇 |
国内免费 | 10篇 |
专业分类
教育 | 7705篇 |
科学研究 | 1407篇 |
各国文化 | 144篇 |
体育 | 760篇 |
综合类 | 5篇 |
文化理论 | 100篇 |
信息传播 | 1296篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 112篇 |
2019年 | 171篇 |
2018年 | 192篇 |
2017年 | 243篇 |
2016年 | 204篇 |
2015年 | 137篇 |
2014年 | 211篇 |
2013年 | 2267篇 |
2012年 | 193篇 |
2011年 | 190篇 |
2010年 | 162篇 |
2009年 | 179篇 |
2008年 | 214篇 |
2007年 | 207篇 |
2006年 | 200篇 |
2005年 | 169篇 |
2004年 | 156篇 |
2003年 | 141篇 |
2002年 | 142篇 |
2001年 | 152篇 |
2000年 | 166篇 |
1999年 | 147篇 |
1998年 | 98篇 |
1997年 | 90篇 |
1996年 | 110篇 |
1995年 | 95篇 |
1994年 | 123篇 |
1993年 | 129篇 |
1992年 | 169篇 |
1991年 | 169篇 |
1990年 | 154篇 |
1989年 | 170篇 |
1988年 | 144篇 |
1987年 | 148篇 |
1986年 | 155篇 |
1985年 | 168篇 |
1984年 | 167篇 |
1983年 | 159篇 |
1982年 | 134篇 |
1981年 | 133篇 |
1980年 | 113篇 |
1979年 | 158篇 |
1978年 | 159篇 |
1977年 | 119篇 |
1976年 | 116篇 |
1975年 | 105篇 |
1974年 | 90篇 |
1973年 | 108篇 |
1972年 | 86篇 |
1970年 | 85篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
In this article, themost relevant literature on cognitive aging and instructional design is merged to formulate recommendations for designing computer-based training material aimed at elderly learners. The core message is that researchers and instructional designers do not need to develop special computerized instruction for older adults. Rather, existing principles of general instructional and multimedia design can be evaluated and used to accommodate the needs of elderly learners. Particular attention is given to John Sweller’s Cognitive Load Theory (CLT) and Richard Mayer’s Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (CTML). It is argued that these instructional theories bear important benefits for older learners because they support an efficient use of available cognitive resources. New research directions are suggested to test the implications of these theories for learning in old age.
相似文献
Pascal W. M. Van GervenEmail: |
992.
Rats experienced a spatial pattern of baited and unbaited arms in an eight-arm radial maze. The spatial pattern remained constant
over trials, but the spatial locations that were baited varied unpredictably. Although there was no evidence of control by
the spatial pattern during free choice training trials, the rats’ ability to locate baited arms in forced choice test trials
was superior to that of animals in a control condition for which maze arms were not baited in a consistent spatial pattern.
This is consistent with the results of experiments showing that spatial choices by rats in a pole box maze are controlled
by abstract spatial patterns. 相似文献
993.
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to examine the association between sexual abuse (SA) and initiation, cessation, and current cigarette smoking among a large representative adult population in France. METHOD: A random sample size of 12,256 adults (18-75 years of age) was interviewed by telephone concerning demographic variables, health practices and beliefs, and health status--for which SA and tobacco questions were included. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. RESULTS: Nearly 46% of SA survivors were current smokers compared to 34% of non-abused persons (p<.001). Survivors of SA consumed more cigarettes per day than non-abused individuals (14.5 vs. 12.4, p<.01). Survival analysis showed an increased risk of smoking initiation for respondents abused before 18 (adjusted relative hazard=1.55; p<.0001) with referent to the non-abused group. SA was not found to be a significant predictor of current smoking status among those who began smoking after the first incident of SA. Respondents who were not sexually abused were 1.8 times (95% CI, 1.12-2.99) more likely to quit smoking than people who began smoking after they were sexually abused. CONCLUSIONS: The early identification and treatment of sexually abused persons is critical to decrease smoking among adolescents and adults because of the association of SA with both smoking initiation and decreased cessation rates. It may be more difficult to detect an association between SA and current smoking due to the high rates of smoking and lower rates of quitting among the general French population. 相似文献
994.
Johnson RJ Ross MW Taylor WC Williams ML Carvajal RI Peters RJ 《Child abuse & neglect》2006,30(1):75-86
OBJECTIVE: The current study examined the prevalence and characteristics of childhood sexual abuse in a jailed-based population. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective, self-reported survey was administered over an 8-week period to a random sample of 100 men who were incarcerated in a county jail in Southeastern Texas. The survey included questions about childhood sexual experiences before and after puberty, drug history and use, and sexual risk-taking behaviors. RESULTS: Of the 100 male inmates who participated in this study, 59% reported experiencing some form of sexual abuse before puberty, and all such instances occurred before or at the age of 13 years. The first episode of childhood sexual abuse began at an average age of 9.6 years (SD = 2.4), and ended at an average age of 13.0 years (SD = 2.3). Kissing and touching without intercourse (64%) was the common pattern of sexual abuse experience reported. The total number of perpetrators was 165, with 10% male and 90% female. Friends (n = 72) and family (n = 56) were the most frequent perpetrators. CONCLUSION: Childhood sexual abuse may be more prevalent among inmates than among males in the general population. These results show a high percentage of inmates who report a history of childhood sexual abuse; this rate is higher than those reported by other studies for incarcerated males. The findings support the belief held by professionals in the criminal justice field that a significant number of incarcerated males may have been victims of sexual abuse. 相似文献
995.
Miller CJ Miller SR Bloom JS Jones L Lindstrom W Craggs J Garcia-Barrera M Semrud-Clikeman M Gilger JW Hynd GW 《Annals of dyslexia》2006,56(1):83-102
The double-deficit hypothesis of dyslexia posits that reading deficits are more severe in individuals with weaknesses in phonological awareness and rapid naming than in individuals with deficits in only one of these reading composite skills. In this study, the hypothesis was tested in an adult sample as a model of reading achievement. Participants were parents of children referred for evaluation of reading difficulties. Approximately half of all participants reported difficulty learning to read in childhood and a small subset demonstrated ongoing weaknesses in reading. Structural equation modeling results suggest that the double-deficit hypothesis is an accurate model for understanding adult reading achievement. Better reading achievement was associated with better phonological awareness and faster rapid automatized naming in adults. Posthoc analyses indicated that individuals with double deficits had significantly lower reading achievement than individuals with single deficits or no deficits. 相似文献
996.
Wilson CD Anderson CW Heidemann M Merrill JE Merritt BW Richmond G Sibley DF Parker JM 《CBE life sciences education》2006,5(4):323-331
College-level biology courses contain many complex processes that are often taught and learned as detailed narratives. These processes can be better understood by perceiving them as dynamic systems that are governed by common fundamental principles. Conservation of matter is such a principle, and thus tracing matter is an essential step in learning to reason about biological processes. We present here multiple-choice questions that measure students' ability and inclination to trace matter through photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Data associated with each question come from students in a large undergraduate biology course that was undergoing a shift in instructional strategy toward making fundamental principles (such as tracing matter) a central theme. We also present findings from interviews with students in the course. Our data indicate that 1) many students are not using tracing matter as a tool to reason about biological processes, 2) students have particular difficulties tracing matter between systems and have a persistent tendency to interconvert matter and energy, and 3) instructional changes seem to be effective in promoting application of the tracing matter principle. Using these items as diagnostic tools allows instructors to be proactive in addressing students' misconceptions and ineffective reasoning. 相似文献
997.
We explore the feasibility of automatically identifying sentences in different MEDLINE abstracts that are related in meaning.
We compared traditional vector space models with machine learning methods for detecting relatedness, and found that machine
learning was superior. The Huber method, a variant of Support Vector Machines which minimizes the modified Huber loss function,
achieves 73% precision when the score cutoff is set high enough to identify about one related sentence per abstract on average.
We illustrate how an abstract viewed in PubMed might be modified to present the related sentences found in other abstracts
by this automatic procedure. 相似文献
998.
999.
Jan K Hart Bruce W Newton Steven E Boone 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2010,98(3):212-216
The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) is planning interprofessional training in electronic health records (EHRs) and medical informatics. Training will be integrated throughout the curricula and will include seminars on broad concepts supplemented with online modules, didactic lectures, and hands-on experiences. Training will prepare future health professionals to use EHRs, evidence-based medicine, medical decision support, and point-of-care tools to reduce errors, improve standards of care, address Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act requirements and accreditation standards, and promote appropriate documentation to enable data retrieval for clinical research. UAMS will ensure that graduates are ready for the rapidly evolving practice environment created by the HITECH Act. 相似文献
1000.
Shoemaker RW 《Endeavour》2001,25(2):61-67
Over half a century ago, when I took Beginning Physics at university, I was bothered by the anomaly that normal air pressure (which is arbitrary anyhow) was taken to be 1.013250 bar instead of a sensible 1.000000 bar. My professor could not explain why, nor could any of the many other scientists whom I have asked since then. Now in retirement, I have made a laborious search in utterly uncharted territory and discovered the answer. 相似文献