Evaluating a Tutorial Program Containing Volunteer Subjects

Student teachers enrolled at Kansas State University and Northeastern State College (Oklahoma) in the spring of 1967 were compared on (1) maintenance of philosophic orientation, (2) adherence to teaching attitudes, (3) reaction to student-teaching, and (4) performance on related criteria. The GNC Scale of Logical Consistency in Educational Ideas determined their philosophic orientation. The Minnesota Teacher Attitude Inventory determined their attitudes toward potential teaching situations. Comparisons were made before and after student teaching by institution, teaching level, and sex. GNC, MTAI, and ACT levels, methods and student-teaching grades, and grade point averages were tested for intercorrelation.

K. S. U. students were more logically consistent and empirically oriented in their ideas about education before and after teaching participation. Teaching attitudes were best maintained by the elementary students in both institutions. N. S. C. students showed greater intercorrelation among all the criteria. Low logical consistency by N. S. C. students may signify disagreement between theoretical and practical educational views. Maintenance of teaching attitudes by K. S. U. elementary students suggests variable effects of professional courses. Agreement among academic and educational criteria by N. S. C. students suggests a greater unaminity of educational ends and means.     

INTERGENERATIONAL DIALOGUES: A TESTED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM FOR CHILDREN

Children's attitudes about growing old and about the elderly themselves are in large part influenced by negative images projected by the media and through lack of actual experience in interacting with older people. To counter this situation and to provide an opportunity for positive attitude shift, an educational program has been developed for 10‐ and 11‐year‐old students. Growing Up — Growing Older is a developed unit of instruction relying on a package of software including films and printed support materials. A strong experiential component is provided through structured intergenerational dialogues, facilitated by visiting older volunteers.

The program was field tested using both a treatment and control population. Survey methodology was used to determine pre‐ and post‐experience stages of attitude awareness and understanding of the elderly. Although the study population did not demonstrate the level of negative attitude we had anticipated from the literature, post‐experience testing indicated a positive shift. More significant is the demonstrated increase in level of awareness of aging issues and of older persons as a result of the educational experience. Finally, the treatment population increased significantly the percentage of old people they interacted with outside the classroom. This increased familiarity and awareness of the elderly can be expected to continue to produce attitudes based more on fact than on fancy.     

‘What you risk reveals what you value’: fostering creativity in primary physical education

Creativity has become a buzzword in UK culture in the twenty-first century and is in increasing demand across many spheres. In education, its usage is often generic and has become ever more widespread as it has found its way into a plethora of government documentation pertaining to primary schools over the last decade. However, with a continued focus upon a performativity discourse, creativity continues to be underdeveloped in primary schools, even in areas such as Physical Education (PE), which has great potential for fostering creativity due to an endless range of movement possibilities. Using Nicholson's model (Enhancing creativity, in R. J. Sternberg, Ed., Handbook of creativity; Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1999 Nicholson, R. 1999. “Enhancing creativity”. In Handbook of creativity, Edited by: Sternberg, R. J. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.  [Google Scholar]) for creative enhancement, this paper examines key issues that concern the development of creativity within primary PE and seeks to construct some ‘real’ recommendations for how this could manifest itself in practice.     

Headship: A Case of Going for the Juggler

This paper explores the possibility of developing collaboration within and between schools and colleges as a way of subverting central government pressure to introduce greater competition between institutions. The paper examines the concept of collaboration, issues connected with its promotion, potential links between collaboration and state schooling as a public professional service, the relevant national and local policy contexts, and possibilities for collaboration within and between institutions. Some guidelines are offered for initiating inter‐institutional collaboration.     

Cross‐cultural Similarities in Attitudes toward Computers and the Implications for Teacher Education

ABSTRACT

Results of a three year longitudinal study of elementary school children's attitudes toward computers in Japan, Mexico, and the United States of America are presented, along with implications of the findings for teacher education. Two types of attitudes toward computers (importance and enjoyment) were found to be positively influenced by the introduction of computer activities in primary school. No novelty effect was found regarding enjoyment of computers, and perceived computer importance declined less from Grades 1–3 than several other dispositions measured. No consistent gender differences were found for attitudes toward computers among the three nations. These findings imply that students begin school eager to learn about computers and lacking the gender biases often found in older age groups, and that teachers should be educated to help preserve interest in and access to information technology for all students. Reflections for teacher education conclude the article.     

Films and Stars

The Citizen Kane Book (Boston: Little, Brown, 1971---$15.00)

Ronald Gottesman (ed.) Focus on Citizen Kane (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1971---$5.95/2.45)

Harry M. Guduld (ed.) Focus on D.W. Griffith (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1971--$5.95/2.45)

Thomas Quinn Curtiss' Von Stroheim (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1971---$10.00)

Garson Kanin's Tracy and Hepburn: An Intimate Memoir (New York: Viking Press, 1971---$7.95)

Rudi Blesh's Keaton (New York: Collier, 1971 ---$2.95, paper)

Gerald Fine, Fatty (Los Angeles, author, 1971---$1.95, paper)

Ture Sjolander, Garbo (New York: Harper & Row, 1971---$12.00)

Joe Morella and Edward Z. Epstein's Lana: The Public and Private Lives of Miss Turner (New York: Citadel Press, 1971---$6.95)

Mary Astor's A Life on Film (New York: Delacorte Press,1971 ---$7.50)

Robert Wilson (ed) The Film Criticism of Otis Ferguson (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1971---$12.50)

Beverly Houston and Marsha Kinder Close-Up: A Critical Perspective on Film (New York: Harcourt, Brace &Javanovich, March 1972---$4.95, paper)     

Production Texts

Gerald Millerson's The Technique of Lighting for Television and Motion Pictures (New York: Hastings House, 1972—$17.95)

Kenneth Kenecht's Designing & Maintaining the CATV & Small TV Staio (Blue Ridge Summit, Pa.: Tab Books, 1972—$12.95

Harry F. Olson's Modern Sound Reproduction (New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1972—$17.50)

Daniel M. Costigan's FAX: The Principles and Practice of Facsimile Communication (Philadelphia: Chilton Book Co., 1971—$10.00)

Edmund C. Arnold's Ink on Paper 2: A Handbook of the Graphic Arts (New York: Harper & Row, 1972—$10.95)

David L. Grey's The Writing Process: A Behavioral Approach to Communicating Information and Ideas Belmont, Calif: Wadsworth, 1972—$2.95, paper)

Hadley Read's Communication: Methods for All media (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1972—$6.95)