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Jae-wook Ahn Peter Brusilovsky Jonathan Grady Daqing He Radu Florian 《Information processing & management》2010,46(4):383-402
The system presented in this article aims to improve information access through the use of semantic annotation utilizing a non-traditional approach. Instead of applying semantic annotations to enhance the internal information access mechanisms, we use them to empower the user of an information access system through an innovative named entity-based user interface – NameSieve. NameSieve was built to support an intelligence analyst during the process of exploratory search, an advanced type of search requiring multiple iterations of retrieval interleaved with browsing and analyzing the retrieved information. The proposed approach was implemented in the NameSieve system so that the system can transparently present a summary of search results in the form of entity “clouds.” Therefore, these clouds allow the analyst to further explore the results in a novel manner, acting together as a faceted browsing interface. We ran a user study (with ten subjects) to examine the effect of NameSieve, and the study results reported in the paper demonstrate that this new way of applying semantic annotation information was actively used and was evaluated positively by the subjects. It enabled the subjects to work more productively and bring back most relevant documents. 相似文献
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Automatic question answering using the web: Beyond the Factoid 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
In this paper we describe and evaluate a Question Answering (QA) system that goes beyond answering factoid questions. Our
approach to QA assumes no restrictions on the type of questions that are handled, and no assumption that the answers to be
provided are factoids. We present an unsupervised approach for collecting question and answer pairs from FAQ pages, which
we use to collect a corpus of 1 million question/answer pairs from FAQ pages available on the Web. This corpus is used to
train various statistical models employed by our QA system: a statistical chunker used to transform a natural language-posed
question into a phrase-based query to be submitted for exact match to an off-the-shelf search engine; an answer/question translation
model, used to assess the likelihood that a proposed answer is indeed an answer to the posed question; and an answer language
model, used to assess the likelihood that a proposed answer is a well-formed answer. We evaluate our QA system in a modular
fashion, by comparing the performance of baseline algorithms against our proposed algorithms for various modules in our QA
system. The evaluation shows that our system achieves reasonable performance in terms of answer accuracy for a large variety
of complex, non-factoid questions. 相似文献
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Mechanical and physical properties, such as tensile strength, elongation at break, modulus of elasticity, Shore D hardness,
melt flow rate (MFR), and electrical and thermal conductivities of composites with high density polyethylene matrix reinforced
with Al powders were investigated experimentally. Measurements of the mechanical and physical properties were performed up
to a reinforcing component concentration of 30% volume Al powder and compared with mathematical models from the literature.
The obtained results have shown that experimental data were in good agreement with theoretical data. The ultimate tensile
strength (UTS) and elongation at break decreased with increasing Al powder content, which was attributed to the introduction
of discontinuities in the polymer structure, and modulus of elasticity increased with increasing Al content. The composite
preparation conditions allowed the formation of a random distribution of metallic particles in the polymer matrix volume for
system high density polyethylene-Al (HDPE-Al). There was a cluster formation of Al particles at higher Al contents in the
polymer matrix. Electrical and thermal conductivity values of HDPE-Al composites were higher than pure HDPE values. 相似文献
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We use the principle of minimum cross entropy (MCE) to build a non-parametric adaptive algorithm for smoothing the log-transformed periodogram, and construct an optimal estimate for the spectral density function of a process. We show that this estimate minimizes the cross-entropy with the log-transformed spectral density function of the process. The method is non-parametric and performs very well for the case of processes having rapidly changing spectra that exhibits a variable order of smoothness. The algorithm is locally based on linearly approximating the information present in the process, and uses this approximation to allow the bandwidth of the spectral window in the smoothed log-periodogram to vary. We extend the algorithm empirically for better application to processes having mixed, narrow-band spectra. Comparisons with other currently used procedures are performed through the means of simulated examples. 相似文献
15.
This paper reports a teaching experiment in which two students engaged in tasks that challenged them to describe a final state
for a variety of infinite iterative processes. The results from the study indicate that the students used multiple reasoning
strategies for addressing these tasks. Refinements in the students’ reasoning occurred as students constructed relationships
between the problems they were solving and problems they had solved previously, applying some of the reasoning strategies
that they used for one problem to make sense of or solve another problem. We discuss how these findings relate to the existing
body of research on infinite iterative processes. 相似文献
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