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151.
This article studies the dilemma between professionalization and professionalism in the development of teaching into a bureaucratic
organization in Hong Kong. Professionalization and bureucractization are simultaneous processes. Teaching as an occupation
has grown from a state of idiosyncrasy to a profession with defined boundaries. However, achieving system efficiency and technical
rationality, both features of bureaucracy, could undermine or suppress teachers’ individual autonomy. Thus, bureaucratization
supports professionalization by raising the status of teaching, but undermines professionalism by constraining teachers’ autonomy.
The article examines the changing pattern of stratification and how it shaped the relationship between the professionalization,
bureaucratization and professionalism of teaching in Hong Kong. It argues that teaching cannot be a true profession without
realizing professionalism, and that teacher education has a central role in the drive towards it. Key Words: Hong Kong teachers,
teacher education, professionalization, professionalism, stratification 相似文献
152.
Puberty Predicts Approach But Not Avoidance on the Iowa Gambling Task in a Multinational Sample 下载免费PDF全文
Grace Icenogle Laurence Steinberg Thomas M. Olino Elizabeth P. Shulman Jason Chein Liane P. Alampay Suha M. Al‐Hassan Hanan M. S. Takash Dario Bacchini Lei Chang Nandita Chaudhary Laura Di Giunta Kenneth A. Dodge Kostas A. Fanti Jennifer E. Lansford Patrick S. Malone Paul Oburu Concetta Pastorelli Ann T. Skinner Emma Sorbring Sombat Tapanya Liliana M. Uribe Tirado 《Child development》2017,88(5):1598-1614
According to the dual systems model of adolescent risk taking, sensation seeking and impulse control follow different developmental trajectories across adolescence and are governed by two different brain systems. The authors tested whether different underlying processes also drive age differences in reward approach and cost avoidance. Using a modified Iowa Gambling Task in a multinational, cross‐sectional sample of 3,234 adolescents (ages 9–17; M = 12.87, SD = 2.36), pubertal maturation, but not age, predicted reward approach, mediated through higher sensation seeking. In contrast, age, but not pubertal maturation, predicted increased cost avoidance, mediated through greater impulse control. These findings add to evidence that adolescent behavior is best understood as the product of two interacting, but independently developing, brain systems. 相似文献
153.
Gerald Grace 《International Studies in Sociology of Education》2013,23(1-2):25-42
ABSTRACT New Zealand's radical education reforms (1987‐1990) provide a valuable case study for the examination of the politics, ideology and process of educational change. This paper examines the strategy of New Right agencies in attacking the established education settlement which embodies principles of Welfare Labourism. The crucial role of the New Zealand Treasury and of other agencies in bringing this settlement to crisis in the 1980s is analysed and discussed as is the response of the Labour Government. Many of the elements of struggle between Welfare Labourism and New Right market doctrines in education show similar features to struggles in other contexts such as the United Kingdom. However, the struggle in New Zealand makes visible and explicit the political and ideological features in a distinctive way. It also makes visible the significance of both race relations and of gender relations in the formation of education policy. 相似文献
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Gerald Grace 《International Studies in Sociology of Education》2013,23(1):35-54
This article is based upon the assumption that a comprehensive construct of sociological enquiry in education must include engagement with specific faith-based educational systems in various settings. The analysis presented here attempts to advance that process of engagement by examining, both theoretically and empirically, the role of contemporary Catholic schooling and its relations with class, inequality and social reproduction from an international perspective. The article outlines some critical perspectives on traditional Catholic culture and education using concepts drawn from the work of Gramsci and of Bourdieu. The transformative potential of the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) is then discussed, followed by a consideration of contemporary empirical studies of Catholic schooling. Throughout the analysis, Gramsci's concept of an ideological 'war of position' is applied to the internal relations of the Catholic Church and of Catholic education internationally. The need for further research into the power relations of the Catholic Church is indicated. 相似文献
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Sibling relationships within the childhood families of 144 eminent Canadian women are described in this exploratory study into perceived closeness within the sibship. The factors that influenced the closeness of the relationship were sought using thematic analysis of the women's reflections on their childhood. Half of the sample experienced close sibling relationships; half did not. Those who felt close to at least one of their siblings often expressed their own responsibility as well as rivalry within the sibship. Those who did not feel close to their brothers or sisters often blamed the age difference among the children, the perceived favoritism of one child by the parents, and the feeling of the gifted girl of being alone, special, or different. A developmental change in relationships over time was noted, particularly by those women who were not closely bonded to their siblings in childhood. 相似文献