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251.
The debate about whether the arts should be supported or not is far from new, and most governments support the arts in one
way or the other. The literature considers several arguments in favor of such interventions. Public education may seem to
be an action which could, in the long run, lead to possible reductions of subsidies. Surveys show that those who have been
exposed to the arts when young participate more when adult. However, the “non-market” transmission from parents to children
generates an external effect, which has to be taken into account to reach first-best situations. We construct an overlapping
generations model in which young consumers are exposed to both public education toward the arts and to non-altruistic transmission
of such a taste from their parents. We show that the first-best can be reached only if there is both public cultural education
and subsidization of arts consumption. Therefore, education cannot be considered as a substitute for subsidies to arts consumption.
However, as is often the case in European countries, government intervention is usually below the first-best level. Using
a model calibrated on French data, we show that it is then preferable to subsidize education, while consumption, especially
of the older generations, should be taxed rather than subsidized.
相似文献
Luc ChamparnaudEmail: |
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Using data on the ‘career’ paths of one thousand ‘leading scientists’ from 1450 to 1900, what is conventionally called the
‘rise of modern science’ is mapped as a changing geography of scientific practice in urban networks. Four distinctive networks
of scientific practice are identified. A primate network centred on Padua and central and northern Italy in the sixteenth
century expands across the Alps to become a polycentric network in the seventeenth century, which in turn dissipates into
a weak polycentric network in the eighteenth century. The nineteenth century marks a huge change of scale as a primate network
centred on Berlin and dominated by German-speaking universities. These geographies are interpreted as core-producing processes
in Wallerstein’s modern world-system; the rise of modern scientific practice is central to the development of structures of
knowledge that relate to, but do not mirror, material changes in the system.
相似文献
David M. EvansEmail: |
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