探索高中英语词汇教学的有效途径

词汇学习是语言学习的重要组成部分,探索有效的词汇教学方式是提高英语教学质量的关键.笔者在人教版教材词汇教学中采用任务驱动的方法,通过引导学生完成不同难度的词汇学习任务,开发学生学习词汇的潜能,使学生在"识记--联想记忆--感受词义--尝试运用"的过程中逐步掌握所学词汇.     

当代大学生宗教信仰现状调查与思考

为了解当代大学生宗教信仰的现状,通过自编问卷对安徽某大学1600名大一新生进行调查研究。结果发现宗教信仰在民族、生源地以及学院间有显著性差异。部分大学生不能全面认识宗教的本质和功能。当代大学生宗教信仰的特点是：信教比例呈上升趋势;信仰佛教和基督教居多;宗教徒不多;信教途径多样化,以家庭影响为主。     

Genotype-phenotype correlations in Chinese patients with TGFBI gene-linked corneal dystrophy

In this paper, we report the clinical and molecular features of the distinct TGFBI (human transforming growth factor β-induced, OMIM No. 601692) gene-linked corneal dystrophy. Altogether, five pedigrees and ten unrelated individuals diagnosed as corneal dystrophy were recruited. Peripheral venous DNA was extracted, and then amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and scanned for mutation by single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP). Direct DNA sequencing was used to analyze the mutations of the TGFBI gene. In our study, thirty patients from five pedigrees and ten sporadic patients were diagnosed as four TGFBI gene-linked corneal dystrophies of granular corneal dystrophy type I (GGCD I), Avellino corneal dystrophy (ACD), lattice corneal dystrophy type I (LCD I), and lattice corneal dystrophy type IIIA (LCD IIIA), and in total, seven disease-causing mutations, namely R555W, A546D, A546T, and T538P mutations in exon 12, R124H and R124C mutations in exon 4, and P501T mutation in exon 11, were identified, while four polymorphisms of V327V, L472L, F540F, and 1665-1666insC were screened in exons 8,11, and 12. The study ascertained the tight genotype-phenotype relationship and confirmed the clinical and genetic features of four TGFBI gene-linked corneal dystrophies.     

Association of hypomethylation of LINE-1 repetitive element in blood leukocyte DNA with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma

Global DNA hypomethylation has been associated with increased risk for cancers of the colorectum, bladder, breast, head and neck, and testicular germ cells. The aim of this study was to examine whether global hypomethylation in blood leukocyte DNA is associated with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A total of 315 HCC cases and 356 age-, sex- and HBsAg status-matched controls were included. Global methylation in blood leukocyte DNA was estimated by analyzing long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1) repeats using bisulfite-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and pyrosequencing. We observed that the median methylation level in HCC cases (percentage of 5-methylcytosine (5mC)=77.7%) was significantly lower than that in controls (79.5% 5mC) (P=0.004, Wilcoxon rank-sum test). The odds ratios (ORs) of HCC for individuals in the third, second, and first (lowest) quartiles of LINE-1 methylation were 1.1 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.7–1.8), 1.4 (95% CI 0.8–2.2), and 2.6 (95% CI 1.7–4.1) (P for trend <0.001), respectively, compared to individuals in the fourth (highest) quartile. A 1.9-fold (95% CI 1.4–2.6) increased risk of HCC was observed among individuals with LINE-1 methylation below the median compared to individuals with higher (>median) LINE-1 methylation. Our results demonstrate for the first time that individuals with global hypomethylation measured in LINE-1 repeats in blood leukocyte DNA have an increased risk for HCC. Our data provide the evidence that global hypomethylation detected in the easily obtainable DNA source of blood leukocytes may help identify individuals at risk of HCC.     

马克思主义中国化"历史路标"的探索

马克思主义中国化的"历史路标",展示的是中国化马克思主义形成和发展的历史过程、历史阶段及其规律性.通过对这一"历史路标"探索,能够更为全面地认识马克思主义中国化的历史发展与社会现实的关系,深刻把握中国化马克思主义的国情基础和时代蕴意;认识马克思主义基本原理与中国具体实际结合的路径与脉络,深刻领悟中国化马克思主义的精神实质和主要特征;认识马克思主义中国化第二次历史性飞跃的战略思想,深刻把握中国特色社会主义理论体系的重大理论问题和主要理论形态的内在逻辑和基本内涵;认识马克思主义中国化的历史发展与理论创新的关系,深刻理解马克思主义中国化、时代化、大众化的显著特性和根本要求.     

上海市高校高水平足球队建设与管理探索

高校高水平运动队是我国体育事业的重要组成部分,准确评估是促进发展的基础。文章对上海市高校高水平足球队的基本情况、获奖情况、建设情况、管理情况、训练情况等进行了分析,总结了上海市高校高水平足球队建设的成效与问题,并提出了相应的建议,以期为上海市高校高水平足球队的发展提供参考。     

授权型领导影响知识型员工创新的信任机制

授权型领导是领导对员工信任基础上所作出的管理决策和领导方式,并影响到员工创新行为。本文研究授权型领导如何通过影响知识型员工的两种信任,并进一步影响知识型员工创新行为的中间信任机制,以及组织支持感在该机制中的调节作用。通过配对调研和数据收集与处理,实证研究发现,授权型领导能够正向影响知识型员工对领导产生的基于情感的信任和基于认知的信任,并最终正向影响知识型员工的创新行为,组织支持感正向调节授权型领导对知识型员工基于情感的信任和基于认知的信任的影响关系。     

“旋转木马教学法”在药理学中的应用——以“高血压的临床用药”为例

本文将“旋转木马教学法”运用到药理学的教学中,以高血压的临床用药为例,教师创设连锁药店职场情境,学生按照“旋转木马”教学原则实施高血压“问病荐药”角色扮演,融入企业文化和元素,明确课程主题,在真实的职场环境中实施教学,激发学生的学习兴趣,培养学生的职业素养。     

浅谈如何适应高中到大学的学习转变——以攻读大学生物学专业为例

自2016年高考改革以来,已经有三届考生通过新高考进入大学。随着高考体制的不断变革与完善,各学科考试的新颖度与难度也在逐年增加,作为亲历新高考的考生,在此文中一方面是想谈谈近年来高考体制的具体变化;另一方面,则是结合个人在大学学习中的心得,为即将面对高考的考生们提供一些建议,以便考生能更好地适应高中至大学的转变。     

Steering elementary steps towards efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution via size-dependent Ni/NiO nanoscale heterosurfaces

Alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), consisting of Volmer and Heyrovsky/Tafel steps, requires extra energy for water dissociation, leading to more sluggish kinetics than acidic HER. Despite the advances in electrocatalysts, how to combine active sites to synergistically promote both steps and understand the underlying mechanism remain largely unexplored. Here, Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations predict that NiO accelerates the Volmer step while metallic Ni facilitates the Heyrovsky/Tafel step. A facile strategy is thus developed to control Ni/NiO heterosurfaces in uniform and well-dispersed Ni-based nanocrystals, targeting both reaction steps synergistically. By systematically modulating the surface composition, we find that steering the elementary steps through tuning the Ni/NiO ratio can significantly enhance alkaline HER activity, and Ni/NiO nanocrystals with a Ni/NiO ratio of 23.7% deliver the best activity, outperforming other state-of-the-art analogues. The results suggest that integrating bicomponent active sites for elementary steps is effective for promoting alkaline HER, but they have to be balanced.