求解化学反应动力学参数的一种方法

反应级数的确定在化学动力学研究中非常重要,现给出了利用计算机和用微分法确定反应级数的方法.为了使编程的程序简短、高效,采用MATLAB语言作为编程语言.     

Fiber optic biosensor of immobilized firefly luciferase

Luciferase from firefly lantern extract was immobilized on CNBr-activated Sepharose 4B. The kinetic properties of immobilized luciferase were extensively studied. TheK _m′ for D-luciferin is 11.9 μmol/L, the optimum pH and temperature for Sepharose-bound enzyme were 7.8 and 25°C respectively. A luminescence fiber optic biosensor, making use of immobilized crude luciferase, was developed for assay of ATP. The peak light intensity was linear with respect to ATP concentration in range of 10⁻⁹–10⁻⁵ mol/L. A biological application was also demonstrated with the determination of serum ATP from rats bred in low versus normal oxygen environments.     

“赛、教、学、训”四者辩证关系分析--以上饶师范学院生命科学学院为例

以上饶师范学院生命科学学院为例,对“赛、教、学、训”四者辩证关系进行分析,提出坚持竞赛、教学与实训相融合,正确把握和处理好“赛、教、学、训”四者的辩证关系,有利于学生养成良好的学习习惯,有效提高教育教学质量,提升学生的综合素质。     

Measures of Teachers' Workload

The measurement of teachers' workload has till now been subjective. Teachers feel that they have a great responsibility to their pupils and to society and their workload heavy, while non-teachers may have different views. This debate occurs even amongst teachers teaching different subjects and levels in a school as well as amongst teachers in different schools. A comparison of teachers' workload in different countries is also particularly difficult because of different class sizes, curriculum time, etc. It is therefore essential to provide a quantitative and objective measure for evaluating teachers' workload. This measure can then be used as a reference by school principals when allocating extra duties to teachers. It is also useful to education authorities when deploying teachers to various schools in centralized education systems.     

卢梭和马克思的异化理论比较

法文“aliéner”和“aliénation”现在通译成“异化”,它的本意是“转让”“出卖”。卢梭是在现代意义上使用“异化”概念的第一人,他认为,文明社会中的人与其正当的需求和本性相异化。马克思则认为,“异化”就是主体在发展过程中由于自身的活动而产生出自己的对立面———客体,而这种客体又成为一种外在的异己的力量反过来反对主体自身。他比较看重的是劳动异化。两位大师的异化理论,对处在现代化进程中的中国有着重要的启示。     

Introduction to this Special Issue

In 2001, for the first time in the history of the International Association for Counselling, International Conference was held in a developing Asian country–India, with the theme Families in Transition–Counselling in Transition–Meeting the Challenges Ahead. This special issue contains some of the presentations made by Indian participants during this conference which best reflect the challenges and diversities of counseling efforts with families in India. The first article was specially written for this issue in order to give an international relationship of this journal an in depth contextual understanding of Indian families in transition and the challenges they pose to the contemporary Indian counselor. Two articles are reflected to counseling families affected by socio-politial and economic changes. Five authors have written on counseling related to physical and mental disability/addiction and last two articles are reflected to authors experiences as family counselors.     

数学教育专业教育实习改革研究

随着教师专业化进程的推进和大学生就业形势的发展,数学教育专业的教育实习必须进行改革.系列实习是实现数学教师专业化的必然要求.系列实习包括教育见习、讲故事、试上一节课、规范性实习、毕业实习5个环节组成.系列实习具有全程性、阶段性、完整性、递进性和兼顾性等特点.开展循序渐进、形式多样的系列实习是构建一个科学合理的数学教育专业实践教学模式的有益尝试.     

Kinetics study on biomass pyrolysis for fuel gas production

Kinetic knowledge is of great importance in achieving good control of the pyrolysis and gasification process and optimising system design. An overall kinetic pyrolysis scheme is therefore addressed here. The kinetic modelling incorporates the following basic steps: the degradation of the virgin biomass materials into primary products (tar, gas and semi-char), the decomposition of primary tar into secondary products and the continuous interaction between primary gas and char. The last step is disregarded completely by models in the literature. Analysis and comparison of predicted results from different kinetic schemes and experimental data on our fixed bed pyrolyser yielded very positive evidence to support our kinetic scheme. Project (No. 2001CB409600) Supported by the National Key Basic Research Program (973) of China