Framework of a Decision-Theoretic Tutoring System for Learning of Mechanics

This paper presents the application of decision-theoretic technique to computer-based tutoring system for elementary mechanics. The technique uses sound probabilistic reasoning and a student model to identify learner's misconception(s). Bayesian belief networks are the building blocks of the student model. The probability values in Bayes' nets are provided by teacher and are based on her judgement, but may be substituted with actual statistics. Evidence on student's mastery of concepts is obtained through her responses to appropriately selected items. Subsequently, Rasch one-parameter model is used to calibrate the item and person parameters (also known as difficulty and ability indices, respectively). The system is able to provide teacher with information for fine-tuning her pedagogical instructions and guide her in coaching students. It is also able to provide students with immediate feedback to improve their proficiencies and ultimately their grades.     

Fieldwork in Geography —importance,objectives and scope

As a subject concerned with the study of human activities in relation to the physical environment, geography should have a strong appeal to young people. Yet in many instances the subject evokes little interest and has even to justify its place in the curriculum. It is regrettable but true that in many of our schools geography is still largely taught as a compendium of facts about the world. Although more enlightened approaches are available, many teachers still cling to the traditional method for putting the subject across and emphasize learning of facts rather than understanding of principles. How can teachers avoid burdening the minds of children with mere factual information and make Geography more realistic, meaningful and intellectually challenging?     

On memory construction and fictionalization

Abstract

As a response to Ashis Nandy's article about memory work, this article argues that memories are closely linked to recognition, identity and historical construction while closely connected with local discourse based on post-colonial experiences. In some cases, the construction of memory involves mythical images. The article also addresses the tension between history construction and fictionalization, trying to indicate that some forbidden memories, such as those about revolution, can be reconstructed in literary writing.