2000年秋季普通高级中学《高一物理教科书(第一册)》简介

本文介绍了高中物理教科书第一册的主要特点     

董仲舒养生思想的文化研究

通过对儒家代表人物董仲舒养生思想的文化学分析,挖掘其养生思想的内蕴,认为他是在整体的宇宙图式中构建其养生理论;将培养中和之气作为养生的要旨;并提出了自觉调护生命的养生主张。在此基础上,进一步挖掘其养生思想的当代价值。     

萧统为何对陶渊明高评低选

萧统作为昭明太子在文化上做了两件影响后世的大事:编辑整理《陶渊明集》和主编《文选》。然而二者之间又存在着较大反差:即对陶渊明人格的高评与对其诗文的低选。究其原因,其太子身份、个人爱好与时代审美趣味等是不可忽视的因素。     

主族元素族序数的快速推断法--元素周期律周期表教学一则

以原子序数大小为依据,分为原子序数≤9、10≤原子序数≤79、原子序数≥80的三种情况,阐述了推断主族元素族序数的方法,揭示了元素周期表主族元素位置排列的另一规律.     

Sexual abuse during childhood and adolescence among Nicaraguan men and women: a population-based anonymous survey

AIMS: The objective was to describe experiences of sexual abuse occurring before 19 years of age among men and women in León, Nicaragua and to explore the possible association to later sexual risk behavior. METHOD: A sub-sample of literate urban men and women 25-44 years of age was selected from a representative sample of households in León. After an invitation to a public health event, 154 men (53% of the invited) and 213 women (66% of those invited) participated in giving written answers to an anonymous questionnaire. RESULTS: Twenty percent of men and 26% of women reported that they had experienced sexual abuse. Women had been victims of attempted or completed rape twice as often as men, 15% as compared to 7%. Thirty-three percent of the abuse towards boys and 66% of the abuse towards girls was committed by family members. Women who had experienced attempted or completed rape were more likely to later have had a higher number of sexual partners compared to non-abused or moderately abused women. CONCLUSIONS: Sexual abuse of children and adolescents of both sexes is common in Nicaragua. The results underscore the urgent need to address this serious problem more openly, and to make more resources available for the prevention of sexual abuse and for support to victims.     

CuO对Bi(Pb)—Sr—Ca—Cu—O系微晶玻璃超导性能的影响

用DTA、XRD、SEM等手段研究了Bi_(0.7)Pb_(0.3)Sr Ca Cu_x O_y(x=1.6,1.8,2.0,2.2,2.4)系统微晶玻璃的品化过程、晶相组成和晶体形貌,详细讨论了CuO对该系统高Tc超导相2223、2212形成以及对超导性能的影响.研究结果表明,CuO含量增加有利于超导相的形成,且随着CuO含量增加,在CuO=2.0mol附近,该系统超导性能呈现最佳值.     

The Effect of Four Sets of Test Instructions on Scores in Mental Ability Tests

Berglund, G. W. (1970). The Effect of four Sets of Test Instructions on Scores in Mental Ability Tests. Scand. J. Educ. Res. 14, 31‐38. Four hundred and eighteen Swedish children (11‐year‐olds) were divided randomly into four experimental groups. Three mental ability tests of the factor type were administered to the groups by means of four different sets of instructions. In the first group the tests were presented as intelligence tests and in the second group as achievement tests. The third group received the original instructions of the tests and the fourth group received routine instructions. It is concluded (a) that the four instructions do not differentiate the groups in power tests, and (b) that the routine instruction does not affect the subjects’ working speed to the same degree as the other instructions.     

Mathematical identity in women: The concept,its components and relationship to educative ability,achievement and family support

Mathematical identity and its relationship to mathematical achievement, educative ability and study support were studied among 133 women enrolled in the Swedish adult education system. A model of mathematical identity was constructed including self‐perceived mathematical knowledge, ability, motivation and anxiety. This model was transformed into a statistical factor model, tested using Lisrel. An acceptable fit was obtained. The first three factors were strongly negatively related to mathematical anxiety. The mathematical identity components correlated most strongly with earlier school grades in mathematics and, to a lesser extent, with the result of a diagnostic test. Unexpectedly, the relationships to educative ability and study support were weak. Using a person‐oriented approach, three typical patterns were found: one with extremely positive, and two with extremely negative, mathematical identity. The implications for further research are to investigate stability and change in the mathematical identity of women taking part in recurrent education.     

论高职"两课"教学内容的选择

高职“两课“面临课时限制教学内容和选择教学内容随意性的问题，广西教育厅已布置今年8月开始进行全面调研经研究和调查，笔者认为教学内容主要有主流意识的“满堂灌”与大学生释疑解惑的要求不完全吻合、应用性不够突出、内容重复、综合运用训练欠缺等问题，我们应以“必需”、“够用”为原则、以学生成才为出发点选择教学内容．以课程基本理论为主，多门渗入．以教学方法的改革促进教学内容的改革“两课”的核心内容和基本要求是相对稳定的，但外围部分须随时代发展和学生需求变化而更新。