Validation of two accelerometers to determine mechanical loading of physical activities in children

The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of accelerometers using force plates (i.e., ground reaction force (GRF)) during the performance of different tasks of daily physical activity in children. Thirteen children (10.1 (range 5.4–15.7) years, 3 girls) wore two accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X+ (ACT), GENEA (GEN)) at the hip that provide raw acceleration signals at 100 Hz. Participants completed different tasks (walking, jogging, running, landings from boxes of different height, rope skipping, dancing) on a force plate. GRF was collected for one step per trial (10 trials) for ambulatory movements and for all landings (10 trials), rope skips and dance procedures. Accelerometer outputs as peak loading (g) per activity were averaged. ANOVA, correlation analyses and Bland–Altman plots were computed to determine validity of accelerometers using GRF. There was a main effect of task with increasing acceleration values in tasks with increasing locomotion speed and landing height (P < 0.001). Data from ACT and GEN correlated with GRF (r = 0.90 and 0.89, respectively) and between each other (r = 0.98), but both accelerometers consistently overestimated GRF. The new generation of accelerometer models that allow raw signal detection are reasonably accurate to measure impact loading of bone in children, although they systematically overestimate GRF.     

我国台湾地区首座法学文献信息中心的创建历程——“台湾高等法院”日据时期法律文献撷英

作为具有重要历史价值的珍贵法律文献,“台湾高等法院”日据时期的法律文献经过台湾大学师生的分类整理,并根据五条编目的原则进行加工之后,按照语种,主要分为中文文献、日文文献、西文文献;按照载体形式不同,分为图书和期刊.由于在较长的历史时期内,这些文献的保存条件较差,所以应当加强这批文献的保护与利用,并充分发掘这些史料的学术价值.     

灰树花液体培养基配方的研究

通过正交交互设计试验优化灰树花的液体培养基配方,确定玉米粉和葡萄糖有交互作用,其比例为3∶2时为最优搭配。获得灰树花液体培养的最优配方为黄豆粉2%,玉米粉3%,葡萄糖2%,磷酸二氢钾0.05%,硫酸镁0.2%,豆油0.05%。将灰树花在50L发酵罐中进行深层培养,转速140r/min和通气量为300L/min,菌丝体产量为14.69g/L。     

天津软土地区十字板测试的几点应用

收集了天津开发区、天津港、临港工业区、大港区等距海岸较近的区域及保税区空港物流加工区、东丽区滨海国际机场等距海岸较远的区域十字板原位测试资料,结合软土地区实际工程,用十字板来确定一些岩土参数,给以后的工作加以指导和借鉴。     

亚洲一流大学本科课程设置与课程管理特点评析

亚洲一流大学都十分注重本科课程设置的顶层整体设计及课程结构的调整和优化;重视人才培养模式变革,以课程为载体,大力推行以基本素养和全人教育为目标的通识教育。设置专门的组织管理机构,强化课程管理与教学质量监督是亚洲一流大学保障其课程实施有效性的重要方式,而重视课程与教学评价的改进,强化学分制管理,倡导教学方式变革,是其课程与教学管理制度的共同经验。我国大陆研究型大学在实施本科教育改革时,可研究借鉴亚洲其他国家一流大学以及我国港台名校的课程设置模式与管理经验,以加快内涵发展与改革创建步伐。     

The unacknowledged value of female academic labour power for male research careers

Academic work in Sweden's higher education system is changing character. Distinctly different career pathways are emerging, as facilities for developing research careers and capital have become both more restricted and more dependent on external funding. These developments are in focus in the present article. Based on ethnographic research and a series of semi-structured interviews with new academics and senior academic mentors in education faculties, the research suggests that several factors intercede in how careers are developed and experienced. The unacknowledged exploitation of female academic labour is perhaps amongst the more significant of these.     

Endorsing achievement goals exacerbates the big-fish-little-pond effect on academic self-concept

The big-fish-little-pond effect (BFLPE) model predicts students’ academic self-concept to be negatively predicted by the achievement level of their reference group, controlling for individual achievement. Despite an abundance of empirical evidence supporting the BFLPE, there have been relatively few studies searching for possible moderators. Integrating the BFLPE model with Achievement Goal Theory, the present study aims to determine whether the negative effect of class-average achievement on academic self-concept is moderated by individual and class-average achievement goals. Our sample comprised of 2987 students (50% boys) from Grade 6 in 112 elementary schools in the Flemish region of Belgium (174 classes). Applying multilevel modelling, we found a stronger BFLPE when students’ individual achievement goals were higher, regardless of the specific nature of these goals. The BFLPE was not moderated by class-average levels of achievement goals. Overall, our findings demonstrate that the BFLPE is moderated by individual goal-related factors.     

现代人的生存焦虑与体认自我限度的教育

认同的非确定性与认同焦虑;价值相对主义与共识困境;人造风险的蔓延与非安全感是现代人生存焦虑的三个方面。如果说古人是借助外部的力量缓解生存焦虑,那么现代人则是借助自我的力量缓解生存焦虑。然而,在这一转变过程中,现代人却遭遇了理性的危机、自我的异化以及自然的"祛魅",结果不仅没有缓解生存焦虑,反而使其不断凸显。由于现代人的生存焦虑与他们错误的价值观念有关,因此,教育就有介入的必要和可能。教育应当引导现代人体认借助自我的力量缓解生存焦虑的限度,具体而言,应当培养现代人合理的理性观、共享的自我观并提升他们的生存境界。