盲文出版事业的未来走向——基于盲人读书现状及未来需求的调查研究

中国盲文出版社是我国目前唯一一家国家级别的盲文出版机构,肩负着为我国1233万盲人和低视力患者传播科学文化的重任。随着社会经济的日益发展、科学技术的不断进步,盲人对图书种类的需求、对文化形式的偏好,都在发生着巨大改变。为了解目前盲人的整体读书现状,更好的定位盲文出版事业的未来走向,我社就“盲人读书现状及未来需求”问题进行了专项调研,从多方面、多层次统计了具有代表意义的盲人的自然数据,并依此深入分析,不仅为我社制定更有效的服务方式和出版方法做好铺垫,同时也为中国盲文图书馆新馆开展全方位功能和多层次服务提供文化资源。       

编辑的N个视角

编辑作为一种工作,是以生产精神产品为目的,策划、组织、审读、评价、选择、优化文化作品的行为;编辑作为一种职业,是指编辑人。此外,编辑也是一种著作方式,还是一种职称的等级。本文所指的编辑,既可以理解为编辑工作,也可以理解为编辑人,更确切地说,是指编辑人的编辑工作。       

二维码在科技类学术期刊中应用的思考

二维码是最近几年大规模发展的一种机读编码,可广泛应用于产品防伪、广告推送、质量追溯、网络链接、数据下载、商品交易等生活的各方各面,通过对对象赋予唯一的二维码编码,我们甚至可以标定每一个人1。随着二维码的应用门槛越来越低,使用二维码的领域也得到了充分扩展。宣传单页可以印刷二维码以扩大信息量;食品包装可以印刷二维码以追溯生产源头、指向厂商网站;火车票可以印刷二维码以嵌入车票信息;旅行证件可以印刷二维码以验证真伪、实现自助通关……就连报纸也可以印刷二维码,读者通过使用二维码识别软件,即可链接到相关网站,使用不同的终端观看视频,从而实现纸质版本与多媒体版本的互动（见图1、图2）。       

Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine: national recommendations for venous blood sampling

Phlebotomy is one of the most complex medical procedures in the diagnosis, management and treatment of patients in healthcare. Since laboratory test results are the basis for a large proportion (60–80%) of medical decisions, any error in the phlebotomy process could have serious consequences. In order to minimize the possibility of errors, phlebotomy procedures should be standardised, well-documented and written instructions should be available at every workstation. Croatia is one of the few European countries that have national guidelines for phlebotomy, besides the universally used CLSI (Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute) H3-A6 Procedures for the Collection of Diagnostic Blood Specimens by Venipuncture; approved Standard-Sixth Edition (CLSI, 2007) and WHO (World Health Organization) guidelines on drawing blood: best practices in phlebotomy (WHO, 2010). However, the growing body of evidence in importance of preanalytical phase management resulted in a need for evidence based revision and expansion of existing recommendations.The Croatian Society for Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Working Group for the Preanalytical Phase issued this recommendation. This document is based on the CLSI guideline H3-A6, with significant differences and additional information.     

Redefinition of gestational diabetes mellitus: implications for laboratory practice in Croatia

An increasing prevalence of gestational diabetes has become a very challenging task in prenatal care worldwide. International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) has recently issued recommendations on the diagnosis and classification of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy. These recommendations, the first to provide harmonised, evidence-based criteria for the diagnosis and classification of diabetes in pregnancy, are currently being discussed and accepted worldwide by the relevant authorities. As the acceptance of the proposed criteria has major implications for both clinical and laboratory settings, a concerted action towards necessary changes in practice has to be carefully planned and adjusted to national health-care specificities.IADPSG criteria have been strongly advocated by the Croatian Perinatology Society, resulting in a new strategy for the detection and diagnosis of hyperglycaemic disorders in pregnancy.To address the respective laboratory requirements, in April 2012, the Croatian Chamber of Medical Biochemists appointed a Working Group to provide a standardised procedure for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes, applicable to all laboratories involved in prenatal care, in both primary and specialised health-care facilities.In this paper we discuss key laboratory-related issues regarding succesful implementation of the IADPSG criteria in Croatia.     

Skeleton Changes Induced by Horse Riding on Medieval Skeletal Remains from Croatia

Skeletal remains of 35 individuals from the Croatian excavation site Kamen Most – Kaldrma from the fourteenth to fifteenth centuries were analyzed anthropologically. Due to specific skeletal characteristics, eight of them were analyzed in great detail in this study. The results of additional analysis indicated that all bone elements, except pelves, of all eight persons belonged to males. All pelvic girdle have characteristics of female sex and pronounced muscle attachments that are both indicative of horse riding. All eight persons had at least two of six changes on femora indicative of horse riding. Vertebrae of seven persons (one person did not have preserved vertebrae) have Schmorl's nodes. Signs of advanced osteoarthritis were found on all joints in all eight persons. All of them also have visible signs of periostitis especially on lower extremities. Pathological signs of trauma were found in five persons. Two of them had skull fractures and the rest had fractures of extremities which are also characteristic for horse riders. The average age of all eight persons was above 45 years at death. DNA analysis confirmed male sex for seven individuals. The results were additionally confirmed by later archeological findings of tombstones with illustrations of horse riders.     

构建JMX的RFID中间件设计与研究

根据现有RFID设备存在的问题,以及RFID上层应用的多样性和数据的海量性,提出基于JMX的分布式RFID中间件架构。该中间件架构主要由硬件管理模块、事件数据处理模块、应用服务模块和管理控制模块四部分组成。具体介绍各功能模块的软件设计和实现。该分布式中间件实现了数据采集和应用的分离,拥有高度的伸缩性,能方便系统的集成和扩充。     

瑞典高等教育的质量保证机制概述

近年来，随着高等教育的迅猛发展，高等教育质量问题引起了世界各国的广泛关注。在全球化进程日益凸显的今天，各国高等教育面临的问题具有极大的相似性。瑞典高等教育为了适应国际国内环境变化的需要，在质量保证机制的构与实施上做了许多新的改革与尝试。本文试图从质量保证的实施机构、实施环节、实施重点和中界对此的反应加以介绍与分析，以便从中获得有益的借鉴。     

An Investigation of Effectiveness of Conceptual Change Text-oriented Instruction on Students' Understanding of Solution Concepts

This study investigated the effect of conceptual change text-oriented instruction over traditional instruction on students' understanding of solution concepts (e.g., dissolving, solubility, factors affecting solubility, concentrations of solutions, types of solutions, physical properties of solutions) and their attitudes towards chemistry. The sample of this study consisted of 87 undergraduate students from two classes enrolled in an introductory chemistry course. One of the classes was assigned randomly to the control group, and the other class were assigned randomly to the experimental group. During teaching the topic of solution concepts in the chemistry curriculum, a conceptual change text-oriented instruction was applied in the experimental group whereas traditional instruction was followed in the control group. The results showed that the students in the experimental group performed better with respect to solution concepts. In addition, it has been found that there was no significant difference between the attitudes of students in the experimental and control groups towards chemistry.