Pedagogical Agents as Learning Companions: The Role of Agent Competency and Type of Interaction

This study was designed to examine the effects of the competency (low vs. high) and interaction type (proactive vs. responsive) of pedagogical agents as learning companions (PALs) on learning, self-efficacy, and attitudes. Participants were 72 undergraduates in an introductory computer-literacy course who were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: Low-Proactive, Low-Responsive, High-Proactive, and High-Responsive. Results indicated a main effect for PAL competency. Students who worked with the high-competency PAL in both proactive and responsive conditions achieved higher scores in applying what they had learned and showed more positive attitudes toward the PAL. However, students who worked with the low-competency PAL reported significantly enhanced self-efficacy beliefs in the learning tasks. Also, there was a main effect far PAL interaction type. A proactive PAL had a significantly positive impact on recall. These different results on learning and motivational outcomes suggest that the competency and interaction type of a PAL should be designed according to the desired learning and motivational goals.     

小城镇建设与职业教育发展互动问题探讨

小城镇是实现农村现代化的重要载体,加快小城镇建设是社会主义和谐社会的内在要求。小城镇建设必然推动经济结构、产业结构、职业结构和就业结构的变化。应根据小城镇建设对人才培养的新要求,在职业教育体系的构建、专业设置、职业培训制度、有效转移农村剩余劳动力等方面与城镇经济和社会发展相适应,实现小城镇建设与职业教育发展的良性互动。     

An efficient method for tracing planar implicit curves

INTRODUCTION Tracing a planar implicit curve f(x, y)=0 on a rectangular region [xl, xr]×[yb, yt] is of great interest in Computer-Aided Design and Computer Graphics. While parametric curves are easy to plot, plotting implicit curves is a challenging problem. Planar im- plicit curve plotting method can be classified into two categories (Shou et al., 2005; Martin et al., 2002; Lopes et al., 2002). In the first category are subdivi- sion methods (Shou et al., 2005; Martin et al., 2002) …     

建立AutoCAD与ArcSDE之间的桥梁--基于ArcSDE CAD Client的动态数据入库解决方案

随着GIS的发展和广泛应用，越来越多的单位选择了ESRI AreGIS的技术路线，开始采用AreSDE作为其数据管理平台．这些单位在更换数据管理平台时需要把现有数据迁移或转换到AreSDE中，同时应用系统需要进行部分的修改或在新平台下重新开发，然而很多设计部门仍然使用AutoCAD设计，他们在报建审批时提供的设计图形仍然是DWG／DXF格式的电子数据，为此需要解决AutoCAD和ArcSDE的数据动态交换问题．     

由单一走向多元由封闭走向开放——从外来影响看中国当代文学50年的发展道路

从外来影响和接受研究的角度考察中国大陆当代文学50年所走过的风雨历程，可以认为中国当代文学对外国文学资源的接受经历了从单一接受到全面排斥，从封闭走向开放，并在全球化语境中步入多元等四个时期；在文学创作上则留下了一条明显的从“苏化”到“文革”，从“西化”再到“多元化”的演化轨迹。梳理当代文学与外国文学之间的关系，是中国文学在新世纪走向世界的一份备忘录。     

Educational Assessment in China: Lessons from history and future prospects

Imperial China is widely regarded as having introduced the first systematic assessment system for civil service appointments. This paper briefly reviews this history and then discusses the evolution of assessment during the twentieth century, especially the period of the People's Republic from 1949. It explores the highly centralised nature of the resulting system, which changed as political and economic circumstances dictated.     

论辛弃疾词的艺术风格

辛弃疾继承了苏轼的豪放词风并有所发展,进一步扩大了词的题材,善于陶铸经史子集语言,丰富了词的表现手法与语言技巧,形成了以豪放为主又兼有沉郁悲壮、婉约含蓄、缠绵妩媚、闲雅祥和、清丽飘逸的多姿多彩的独特的艺术风格.     

摭论大学教师的“师道”与“师德”

教师职业道德包括师道与师德两个方面。“师道”是指教师的为师之道、为学之道、为人之道；“师德”是指教师必须遵循的专业道德行为规范。当前我国大学教师师德状况存在一些问题，各高校需要加强对大学教师的思想政治领导，建立大学师德建设的综合机制，不断增强大学师德建设工作的针对性、实效性、主动性和创造性。     

浅析艺术教育在大学生素质教育中的重要性

以往在应试教育模式的制约下,学校只片面地注重学生的考试科目的学习,忽视其它知识的学习和素质的培养,使相当一部分大学生连起码的美术基本功和基本的乐理都不懂,更谈不上去真正的鉴赏艺术,树立真正的审美观.另外,从我校毕业生就业后信息反馈中了解到,有些原本在学校期间专业知识突出,品行优良、能力、相貌等均佳的毕业生,在离开校门步入工作岗位后,总是打不开局面,处理不好各种关系,尤其是人际关系,得不到大家的欢迎和配合,很难取得事业上的成功.产生这种现象的根本原因,很大部分是这部分学生没有发展自己全面的综合素质所造成的.……     

近代国民性改造思想的萌芽--论地主阶级改革派的人心风俗思想

鸦片战争前后,与严重的社会危机相对应,人的道德、心理与行为方式也面临着近代转型的根本任务.龚自珍、魏源等地主阶级改革派在充分吸收传统文化中个性解放思想等优秀成分的基础之上,揭露、分析了当时国人人心风俗全面堕落的种种表现及其政治、学术、社会成因,并提出了他们对理想国民性的崭新设计,这是一个集传统文化优秀成分之大成的人心风俗改造模式,是近代国民性改造思想的萌芽,但由于时代的局限性,它还不具备国民性改造的近代意义.