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141.
制造类大企业与技术型小企业协同价值创造策略问题存在深入探究的价值。通过调研归纳出企业协同价值创造行为过程框架,建立企业协同价值创造初始过程的策略选择两阶段Stackelberg博弈模型,通过最优化问题的求解探讨博弈主体的策略优化问题。结果表明,大企业的技术创新意向投入存在阈值,且平均机会成本对该阈值有正向影响,大企业的技术创新成本参数与技术服务合同违约金系数对创新意向投入有负向影响;大企业的技术创新意向投入、渠道概率、意向概率,以及违约金系数对小企业的技术服务营销管理投入有正向影响,平均机会成本对技术服务营销管理投入有负向影响。数值仿真分析验证了研究命题与模拟结果的一致性。 相似文献
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Dong-Dong Wu Cui-Ping Yang Ming-Shan Wang Kun-Zhe Dong Da-Wei Yan Zi-Qian Hao Song-Qing Fan Shu-Zhou Chu Qiu-Shuo Shen Li-Ping Jiang Yan Li Lin Zeng He-Qun Liu Hai-Bing Xie Yun-Fei Ma Xiao-Yan Kong Shu-Li Yang Xin-Xing Dong Ali Esmailizadeh David M Irwin Xiao Xiao Ming Li Yang Dong Wen Wang Peng Shi Hai-Peng Li Yue-Hui Ma Xiao Gou Yong-Bin Chen Ya-Ping Zhang 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(6):952
Abundant and diverse domestic mammals living on the Tibetan Plateau provide useful materials for investigating adaptive evolution and genetic convergence. Here, we used 327 genomes from horses, sheep, goats, cattle, pigs and dogs living at both high and low altitudes, including 73 genomes generated for this study, to disentangle the genetic mechanisms underlying local adaptation of domestic mammals. Although molecular convergence is comparatively rare at the DNA sequence level, we found convergent signature of positive selection at the gene level, particularly the EPAS1 gene in these Tibetan domestic mammals. We also reported a potential function in response to hypoxia for the gene C10orf67, which underwent positive selection in three of the domestic mammals. Our data provide an insight into adaptive evolution of high-altitude domestic mammals, and should facilitate the search for additional novel genes involved in the hypoxia response pathway. 相似文献
144.
Jing-Yang Hu Zi-Qian Hao Laurent Frantz Shi-Fang Wu Wu Chen Yun-Fang Jiang Hong Wu Wei-Min Kuang Haipeng Li Ya-Ping Zhang Li Yu 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(4):798
Pangolins are among the most critically endangered animals due to heavy poaching and worldwide trafficking. However, their demographic histories and the genomic consequences of their recent population declines remain unknown. We generated high-quality de novo reference genomes for critically endangered Malayan (Manis javanica, MJ) and Chinese (M. pentadactyla, MP) pangolins and re-sequencing population genomic data from 74 MJs and 23 MPs. We recovered the population identities of illegally traded pangolins and previously unrecognized genetic populations that should be protected as evolutionarily distinct conservation units. Demographic reconstruction suggested environmental changes have resulted in a population size fluctuation of pangolins. Additionally, recent population size declines due to human activities have resulted in an increase in inbreeding and genetic load. Deleterious mutations were enriched in genes related to cancer/diseases and cholesterol homeostasis, which may have increased their susceptibility to diseases and decreased their survival potential to adapt to environmental changes and high-cholesterol diets. This comprehensive study provides not only high-quality pangolin reference genomes, but also valuable information concerning the driving factors of long-term population size fluctuations and the genomic impact of recent population size declines due to human activities, which is essential for pangolin conservation management and global action planning. 相似文献
145.
Yanhua Qu Chunhai Chen Ying Xiong Huishang She Yong E Zhang Yalin Cheng Shane DuBay Dongming Li Per G P Ericson Yan Hao Hongyuan Wang Hongfeng Zhao Gang Song Hailin Zhang Ting Yang Chi Zhang Liping Liang Tianyu Wu Jinyang Zhao Qiang Gao Weiwei Zhai Fumin Lei 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(1):113
Known as the ‘third polar region’, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau represents one of the harshest highland environments in the world and yet a number of organisms thrive there. Previous studies of birds, animals and humans have focused on well-differentiated populations in later stages of phenotypic divergence. The adaptive processes during the initial phase of highland adaptation remain poorly understood. We studied a human commensal, the Eurasian Tree Sparrow, which has followed human agriculture to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Despite strong phenotypic differentiation at multiple levels, in particular in muscle-related phenotypes, highland and lowland populations show shallow genomic divergence and the colonization event occurred within the past few thousand years. In a one-month acclimation experiment investigating phenotypic plasticity, we exposed adult lowland tree sparrows to a hypoxic environment and did not observe muscle changes. Through population genetic analyses, we identified a signature of polygenic adaptation, whereby shifts in allele frequencies are spread across multiple loci, many of which are associated with muscle-related processes. Our results reveal a case of positive selection in which polygenic adaptation appears to drive rapid phenotypic evolution, shedding light on early stages of adaptive evolution to a novel environment. 相似文献
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文化多元、沟通协调与全球虚拟团队管理 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
摘要:在全球虚拟团队中,全体成员并不只有同一种想法。可能来自不同文化的队员对团队目标、团队关系准则以及团队活动有不同的理解。全球虚拟团队的潜在优势是创建和谐的文化氛围,提高团队成员的凝聚力和创造性,激发其对新观点的接受能力进而为跨国公司提供竞争优势。 相似文献
149.
电子商务是21世纪新的经济增长点,代表着未来经济的发展方向,而目前电子商务的亏损使得人们对电子商务的成本进行分析和探讨。电子商务使交易形式由实体市场转为虚拟市场,这就可能导致交易成本的变化。B2B模式分析了电子商务的成本构成及电子商务下的企业交易成本的变化,探讨了B2B电子商务模式对交易成本的影响。 相似文献
150.
学案体是记述学术源流的主要体裁,学案体史书为研究历代学术思想史提供了翔实可靠的文献资料。本文利用学案体文献的体例特征,对学术关系进行统计、分类和绘图,实现对儒学流派和师承、家学渊源和交游等关系的可视化呈现,描绘学术史的整体特征。本文从三个层面展开分析:在宏观层面上,对学案体文献中的人物及关系数量予以统计描述以了解学术背景;在中观层面上,对学案传承、学术源流进行可视化;在微观层面上,通过“先驱→同辈→后继”这一关系序列构建学术传承网络,以发现学案中的“学派”。本文展现了数字人文方法在跨时代儒家学术史研究中的应用潜力,用可视化的方式生动呈现了学案体文献之间的联系,为传统的人文研究提供了新视角和新方法。图7。表2。参考文献32。 相似文献