What does ZWOLLE stand for?

Zwolle stands for a unique approach to the management of copyright in international higher and further education. The stakeholders in copyright management include authors, publishers, librarians, universities and the public. The seven Zwolle Principles were agreed at the conference on Copyright and Universities held in Zwolle in The Netherlands in December 2002. The principles and the examples of good practice in copyright management represent the best opportunity for resolving differences and achieving convergence of the interests of stakeholders.     

A Replication of Xu & Burleson (2001) “Effects of Sex,Culture, and Support Type on Perceptions of Spousal Social Support: An Assessment of the ‘Support Gap’ Hypothesis in Early Marriage”

In response to recent calls regarding the social sciences’ “replication crisis,” we have endeavored to replicate Xu and Burleson’s (2001) research study, “Effects of Sex, Culture, and Support Type of Perceptions of Spousal Support: An Assessment.” This study, which examines the support gap hypothesis and its different manifestations among men and women from the United States of America and China, has contributed greatly to scholarly conversations on social support, sex, culture, and support gaps. Results from our study partially replicate Xu and Burleson’s (2001) original findings and provide general empirical evidence for the support gap hypothesis. Differences in findings between the two studies and their implications are discussed.     

Shielding yourself from the perils of empathy: the case of sign language interpreters

Cross-cultural exchanges between deaf and hearing persons are replete with unintentional misunderstandings and even purposeful acts of oppression. Sign language interpreters routinely bear witness to the negative emotional fallout of these dynamics on the Deaf consumer. It is largely inevitable-a psychological reflex-to experience some degree of empathic pain. One must achieve a healthy balance of empathizing enough while shielding oneself from its perils. I describe the psychological effects of juxtaposed extremes of affect, projective identification, and the dual nature of empathy.     

Genetic analysis of tonic immobility in young Japanese quail (Coturnix cotunix japonica)

Data were obtained on tonic immobility from 10th-generation matings of replicated lines of Japanese quail. These lines had been selected for high and low mating ability and included the random-bred control population from which the selected lines originated. At 6, and again at 12 days of age, each bird was subjected to uniform procedures of immobilization and was given two scores, one indicating the number of trials required to induce immobility, another the duration of induced immobility. Although there were no differences between sexes, lines were significantly different for duration and percentage incidence to the immobility response at both ages. Individuals that responded faster also exhibited longer durations of immobility, suggesting a high degree of susceptibility. Heritability estimates indicate that the additive genetic variation effecting tonic immobility is low to moderate in magnitude. These results, when taken in an evolutionary context, suggest prior natural selection for tonic immobility and indicate that this trait is associated with fitness.     

Articulating the Guidelines for Distance Learning Library Services of the Association of Colleges and Research Libraries Outside the Library Profession

The author views the Guidelines for Distance Learning Library Services of the Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) as a sort of constitution that guarantees the rights of distance higher education students to the provision of appropriate library services by their higher education institutions. He thus presents the ten precepts underlying the Guidelines as a sort of Bill of Rights relating to library services provided to distance learning students.