安徽省村庄特征区域划分与优化策略研究

我国已进入工业化中期阶段,在一定程度上具备了以工促农,以城带乡的经济基础。由于安徽省地区经济发展区域差异显著,各地区的经济发展水平、地形地貌不同。其村庄建设的内容、重点、模式和方式上也都不同。基于此,以村庄分布特征、地形地貌特征、村庄发展阶段为视角,以县（市）域为单位,将安徽省的村庄分布划分为五个特征区域;结合安徽省的分区城乡统筹模式,提出各特征地区村庄发展的优化策略。     

Ten Years of Entrepreneurship Education at Chinese Universities: Evolution,Problems, and System Building

Abstract

Entrepreneurship education has experienced four stages of development in Chinese universities, shifting from entrepreneurship show to entrepreneurship education, from teacher training to student education, from classroom teaching to multimodal teaching, and from imparting knowledge to cultivating skills. Currently, the weak links in entrepreneurship education in Chinese universities are primarily reflected in four areas: unsound curriculum design, a lack of qualified teachers for entrepreneurship education, a monotonous model for entrepreneurship education, and imperfect supporting mechanisms for entrepreneurship education. Constructive ideas for the entrepreneurship education system in Chinese universities are: to build a scientific curriculum-based educational system, establish a perfected entrepreneurial practicum system, build up a system for an outstanding corps of qualified teachers, construct a perfected educational model system, and perfect the evaluation system for entrepreneurship education.     

高等教育发展与大学的追求

文章论述了高等教育发展与大学追求之间的必然关系,指出大学的学术性追求铸就了高等教育的灵魂,功利性追求促进了高等教育的现代化发展。     

灵异新闻性质的历史变迁及其新闻传播学启示

在中国历史上灵异新闻的性质经历了社会新闻、政治新闻再到社会新闻的变迁,灵异新闻这种变动或反复的原因和过程,使我们对于新闻的实质及功能、对于新闻何以存在这些新闻学的基本问题,有了更加丰富的认识和更清晰的理解。     

西部欠发达地区非学历教育考试的实践及对策研究

随着社会主义市场经济改革的逐步深入、劳动就业准入制度的建立与完善,非学历教育考试面临着前所未有的挑战和发展机遇。本文以甘肃省为例,通过对非学历教育考试现状的分析,提出西部欠发达地区非学历教育考试的长足发展,必须立足社会经济发展的实际,与学历教育相沟通,全方位加强合作,把社会效益放在第一位,打造精品,以质取胜,为社会提供优质、公平的评价手段,以灵活的机制培育新的证书项目,构建终身教育的立交桥。     

Implicit attitudes toward children may be unrelated to child abuse risk

Objective

To explore whether adults possess implicit attitudes toward children and whether those attitudes are especially negative among respondents who are high in child physical abuse (CPA) risk.

Methods

The present study used an implicit evaluative priming procedure. In this procedure, participants were instructed to make decisions about the evaluative implications of target words. These words were preceded by photographs of child faces or adult faces displaying positive, neutral, or negative expressions. Reaction times for the evaluative decisions were used as an index of the extent to which photos invoked negative or positive evaluative reactions.

Results

Results from 2 studies, the first conducted on a student sample (N = 90) and the second on a parent sample (N = 95), demonstrated that evaluative congruence between the facial expressions displayed in photographs and the target words facilitated responses. Furthermore, the results suggested that regardless of CPA risk, child faces, relative to adult faces, facilitated responses to negative target words, suggesting an out-group bias. This implicit out-group bias was not moderated by respondents’ CPA risk status.

Conclusions

Faces of children, relative to faces of adults, appear to activate negative information structures that facilitate evaluative decisions of negative stimuli, suggesting an out-group bias. Given that out-group biases typically lead to less favorable treatment of out-group members, additional research is needed to examine the pervasiveness of negative evaluative biases towards children and the potential implications of such biases on children's lives. Further, research examining whether high CPA risk parents and low CPA risk parents differ in how they manage initial negative evaluative reactions is needed.     

Organization of Concepts Relevant to Emotions and their Regulation During Test Taking

The purpose of this study was to assess aspects of college students' organization of concepts related to emotions and their regulation during test taking. The authors also evaluated whether students who report having problems with test anxiety hold a different conceptual organization about test taking compared with students who do not report having such problems. Concepts relevant to emotions and their regulation during test taking were sampled from the emotion and emotional regulation literature. Participants rated how similar these concepts were during test taking. These ratings were then submitted to multidimensional scaling analyses (MDS). The resulting arrangement of concepts provides insight into the underlying organizational conceptions held by low, moderate, and high test-anxious participants. Students' organizational schemes surrounded 2 dimensions: (a) task-focus and (b) pleasantness. High test-anxious participants had differing conceptual organizations about test taking than moderate and low test-anxious participants with regard to pleasantness. In addition, the high test-anxious participants saw task-focused processes such as reading directions during test taking as more highly related to unpleasant emotions like anxiety than moderate and low test-anxious participants.     

Theme and variations: one middle school’s interpretation of mandated action research

In the current climate of accountability, action research is one way for teachers to evaluate instructional changes designed to improve assessment results. It may become increasingly common for administrators to mandate teacher involvement in action research, yet few studies have been conducted in such settings. This article focuses on one middle school where the principal mandated action research for all teachers. Projects were carried out within academic departments, and department chairs were given latitude in how to organize and implement projects. This study explores project implementation and teacher perceptions of the action research. Interviews were used as an appropriate tool to explore teacher perceptions, with document analysis providing triangulation. Results from interviews of administrators, department chairs, and department members suggest an overall positive attitude toward action research, as well as variation in how action research projects were carried out. Differences occurred across several dimensions of action research, including context, motivation/ purpose, definition of action research, and organization of projects. Variations appeared to be influenced by each department chair’s experience with action research and approach to departmental work, and each department’s history of working together on instructional improvement efforts. This study suggests that administrators who mandate teacher participation in action research projects need to think about both the positive (providing teacher ownership and interest within the mandated context) and problematic (possibly leading to variation in the instructional impact of projects) aspects of project variation.     

寡聚核苷酸研究进展

对寡聚核苷酸近年来在化学及生物医学等领域的研究进展进行了比较全面的介绍,包括寡聚核苷酸片断与蛋白质、药物的相互作用以及反义寡聚核苷酸的研究进展及应用前景等。     

信息优势与投资者地缘效应的关系研究

投资者偏爱地理位置近的上市公司的现象被称为地缘效应,其成因一直是资本市场中的一个未解之谜。本文以上海、天津、大连的3710名投资者为研究样本,从信息优势角度解释了地缘效应。研究发现,中国资本市场内部存在地缘效应;信息优势与地缘效应之间存在倒U型关系,即当信息优势小于临界值时,地缘效应随着信息优势的增强而增强;当信息优势大于临界值时,地缘效应随着信息优势的增强而减弱。研究认为随着信息优势强度的增加,信息目标由少到多,信息涉及的上市公司由近及远,由此使得投资者投资的分散程度不断提高,这是信息优势与地缘效应之间呈现倒U型关系的主要原因。