Educación formal y acciones de agrupación y memoria en adultos: Un estudio microgenético

Resumen

Se estudió la influencia de la educación formal en el empleo de acciones de agrupación y memoria en sujetos adultos. El trabajo tenía una doble perspectiva, transversal y microgenética. Los sujetos pertenecían a tres niveles educativos y se les estudió a lo largo de cuatro días, en dos pruebas de memorización y recuerdo y una prueba de categorization dirigida intercalada entre las anteriores. Los resultados mostraron la influencia esperada de la escolarización en el empleo de acciones de agrupación y memoria así como cambios a lo largo de las sesiones en el grupo intermedio. La interpretación de los resultados se basó en las nociones de subordinación de acciones mentales y de descontextualización de los instrumentos de mediación.     

Las aportaciones de la psicología al estudio de los procesos educativos

RESUMEN

Se plantea el problema de la utilización, en situaciones educativas concretas, de los datos surgidos de la investigación de la psicología de la educación. Actualmente existen tres posturas diferenciadas: 1) la hipótesis de la extrapolación-traducción, según la cual los datos de la investigación estrictamente psicológica pueden ser extrapolados o traducidos a la situación educativa; 2) la hipótesis de la independencia, para la cual la psicología de la educación es un área completamente independiente de las áreas tradicionales de investigación psicológica; y 3) la hipótesis de interdependencia-interacción, que propone la utilización de los conocimientos generales para mejorar la enseñanza, teniendo siempre en cuenta el conjunto de variables específicas de la situación educativa. Esta última es la perspectiva que defienden los autores.     

Un plan comarcal de servicios psicopedagógicos comunitarios

RESUMEN

Con la creación del plan de servicios educativos en la comarca del Deva (Guipúzcoa) se pretende dar respuesta a las múltiples necesidades educativas de la población escolar, especialmente aquellos que presentan dificultades de relación con su medio familiar, escolar o social. Asimismo se pretende realizar una labor educativa preventiva, investigadora y divulgativa con el fin de impulsar el cambio educativo y mejorar la calidad de la educación. El plan comprende cuatro áreas principales: de orientación y diagnóstico, de reeducación psicomotriz, de lenguaje y visual. El plan es controlado y gestionado comunitariamente por ayuntamientos, asociaciones y entidades educativas. Tras un año de vida ha supuesto una importante inversión para la comarca, tanto a nivel económico como de personal cualificado.     

There is no business model for open educational resources: a business model approach

The economic proverb ‘There is no such thing such as a free lunch’ applies also to open educational resources (OER). In recent years, several authors have used revenue models and business models to analyse the different sources of possible funding for OER. In this article the business models of Osterwalder and Chesbrough are combined with research on the motives of the participants of OER to analyse possible funding models. If the motives of governments (knowledge economy), educational institutions (efficiency, marketing), individual producers (reputation, academic interests) and users (intermediary educational products, learning) are combined, it is shown that the only long-term sustainable independent business model is based on subsidies. However, this conclusion depends both on the definition of openness (in the sense of at no cost) and on motives. More research on both aspects could alter these conclusions.     

Evaluating intelligent interfaces for post-editing automatic transcriptions of online video lectures

Video lectures are fast becoming an everyday educational resource in higher education. They are being incorporated into existing university curricula around the world, while also emerging as a key component of the open education movement. In 2007, the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) implemented its poliMedia lecture capture system for the creation and publication of quality educational video content and now has a collection of over 10,000 video objects. In 2011, it embarked on the EU-subsidised transLectures project to add automatic subtitles to these videos in both Spanish and other languages. By doing so, it allows access to their educational content by non-native speakers and the deaf and hard-of-hearing, as well as enabling advanced repository management functions. In this paper, following a short introduction to poliMedia, transLectures and Docència en Xarxa (Teaching Online), the UPV’s action plan to boost the use of digital resources at the university, we will discuss the three-stage evaluation process carried out with the collaboration of UPV lecturers to find the best interaction protocol for the task of post-editing automatic subtitles.     

Weiterentwicklung der Rankingsysteme im Reitsport

A critical analysis of the existing ranking systems of German and international horse sports could identify weak points with regard to their implicit evaluations of the horses’ performances. This study is aimed at developing a feasible and more performance-related valuation method and comparing it with the existing cumulative ranking systems of the German and international equestrian umbrella organizations. On the one hand, the modeling is based on a method using average points per competition; on the other hand, by considering additional points and drawbacks. We investigated a sample of 50 top-ranked jumping horses and monitored the differences towards the existing ranking systems. The modification proposed results in significant implications on the rankings. The validity in relation to the horses’ performance evaluation could be improved. As a consequence, the interests of different stakeholder groups are better served than before. It is recommended to further develop the existing ranking system accordingly and to analyze a more differentiated placing of points.     

Mind‐Mindedness and Theory of Mind: Mediating Roles of Language and Perspectival Symbolic Play

Relations among indices of maternal mind‐mindedness (appropriate and nonattuned mind‐related comments) and children's: (a) internal state vocabulary and perspectival symbolic play at 26 months (N = 206), and (b) theory of mind (ToM) at 51 months (n = 161) were investigated. Appropriate comments were positively associated with ToM, but were unrelated to internal state language and perspectival symbolic play. Nonattuned comments were negatively correlated with internal state language and perspectival symbolic play, but were unrelated to ToM. Path analyses indicated that the best fit model assumed: (a) indirect links between nonattuned comments and ToM via children's perspectival symbolic play, (b) a direct link between appropriate comments and ToM, and (c) an indirect link between appropriate comments and ToM via children's concurrent receptive verbal ability.     

Meeting the Challenge: The Jewish schooling phenomenon in the UK

The development of a Jewish schooling system in the UK has reflected sociological, political and historical situations spanning four centuries. In recent years there has been a dramatic increase in the proportions of Jewish children receiving full time Jewish education. The causes of this change, and its impact on both the Jewish and wider community will be considered in this article, which seeks, within a historical framework, to understand the factors which have led to a resurgence of commitment to Jewish schooling in the past 25 years. The unique relationship of Jewish schooling to the State as it exists in the UK will also be explored as a means of contextualising the Jewish school system within a state denominational system.