In the course of the fundamental reform of studies at the Austrian universities the education of grammar school teachers was renewed in 1971. In a long tradition (since 1855) teachers for upper secondary education, especially for grammar schools (which lead pupils to the matriculation qualification for university education) were prepared for their teacher admission examination by studies at the universities which comprised besides of subject matters theoretically introducing courses in pedagogy and psychology. Their practical training was organised in a guided probationary year at schools (apprenticeship‐type).
Since 1982 a new integrated (concurrent) preservice teacher education programme is realised at the Austrian universities, which combines subject studies (in two fields) with teachers’ professional preparation (comprising theoretical studies and practical activities and experiences in education and teaching). The new teacher education programme takes 4#fr1/2> years and leads to the academic degree of a master of arts or science, which gives full professional teacher qualification. The profession‐oriented parts include studies in education and psychology (10 semester course units: 150 hours), subject teaching studies (12‐24 semesters course units: 180‐360 hours) and a 12‐week period of practical teaching experience. Each university designs within this framework a specific study programme. An overview is given in the paper; the programme of the university of Graz is shown in more detail as an example.
At present the introduction of a one‐year‐lasting induction period as a second phase of teacher education is discussed and planned, which should be established in 1988‐89. 相似文献
Reflection on events at work, including errors is often as a means to learn effectively through work. In a cross-sectional
field study in the banking sector, we investigated attitudes towards workplace errors (i.e. error orientation) as predictors
of reflective activity. We assumed the organisational climate for psychological safety to have a mediating effect. The study
participants were 84 client advisors from the retail banking departments in branches of a German bank. The client advisors’
were being affected by a range of changes in their workplaces at the time of the data collection. This situation afforded
these workers opportunity for learning but also involved the risk of error by these staff. Regression analyses identified
that error competence and learning from errors were significant predictors of reflection. The results confirmed the mediating
role of psychological safety on the association between attitudes towards errors and reflective working behaviour. 相似文献
The article is about the accessible library of Pfennigparade Foundation and its peculiarities owing to its special target group. The origins and aims of Pfennigparade Foundation, a rehabilitation center for physically disabled in Munich in Germany, are briefly expounded. The author presents in detail the library of Pfennigparade Foundation with its rooms, its collection, and its specific service especially aligned at readers with physical handicaps. 相似文献
INTRODUCTION The Unified Modeling Language (UML)(Eriksson, 2003) is a visual language supporting thedesign and development of complex object-orientedsystems. While UML models focus primarily on thedefinition of system structure and behavior, theyprovide only limited means for describing test ob-jectives and test procedures. Furthermore, thegrowing system complexity increases the need forsolid testing. Thus, in 2001, the Object Manage-ment Group issued a Request for Proposal (U… 相似文献
Environment protection and environment education on the one hand and elements of a new way of teacher education linked with the general world of work on the other hand, basically form the frame of reference of this study. At first, both references came along independently of each other. In view of the political and educational actuality of environment education, however, both references can easily be combined. On the one hand, many teacher students, while working on their projects, take an interest in topics of environment protection and environment education on their own initiative. On the other hand, in the general world of work and industry these topics have been taken up as for instance in developing hydrogen energy engines. In this paper we deal with the field of solar hydrogen energy and the solar hydrogen cycle, from curricular points of view and in particular from the aspect of communication and acceptance. Thus it builds the bridge from the first point of reference, environment protection and environment education, to the second point of reference, the new concept of teacher education in combination with the general world of work and industry.相似文献
Walter Herdeg Photographis 77: International Annual of Advertising and Editorial Photography (New York: Hastings House, 1977—$37.50) Louis Stettner's Weegee (New York: Knopf, 1977—$15.00) Shadow of Light: Photographs by Bill Brandt (New York: Da Capo Press, 1977—$14.50, paper) Helmut Newton's White Women (New York: Stonehill, 1976—$25.00) Roswell Angier's “...A Kind of Life,” Conversations in the Combat Zone (Danbury, N.H.: Addison House, 1976—$15.00) Yvonne Kalmus, Rikki Ripp and Cheryl Wiesenfeld, eds. Women See Men (New York: McGraw- Hill, 1977.412.95/7.95) Lew Thomas and Donna-Lee Phillips' Photography and Language (San Francisco: Camerawork Press, 1976—$6.95, paper) Linda McCartney's Linda's Pictures: A Collection of Photographs (new York: Knopf, 1976-425.00, with a paperback edition now also available) 相似文献
Drawing from literature on innovation, strategy and culture the objective of this study is to explore the role of perceived potentials and perceived strategic importance on CIOs’ perspective on RFID technology in two different cultural settings.
Methodology
Based on survey responses from 463 German and 157 Italian IT decision makers we analyzed the data with PLS structural equation modeling.
Findings
We show that perceived potentials of RFID influence the perceived strategic importance which positively influences CIOs’ intention to invest in RFID. The composition of perceived potentials affecting the strategic importance of RFID differs significantly in both cultures. In Germany, potentials attributed to RFID are improving quality, automating manpower, reducing counterfeits, and improving customer service. Italian CIOs value reducing stock inconsistencies, optimizing stock keeping, and improving customer service as RFID potentials. Regardless of culture, findings show that company size hardly has impact on perceived strategic importance.
Originality/value
This research shows on a large empirical basis cultural differences in the perception of RFID in two countries using PLS. 相似文献