Self‐Injury,Gender, and Loneliness Among College Students

Several studies have demonstrated relationships between loneliness and numerous psychological and physical difficulties among college students. The purpose of this study was to examine whether loneliness might be a factor associated with increased risk of self‐injury among college students. The findings did not support the hypothesis that self‐injury would be associated with elevated levels of loneliness. The findings were significant but in the opposite direction than expected. Furthermore, the findings regarding gender are in contrast to findings of previous research.     

Highlighting and taking notes are equally ineffective when Reading paper or eText

Education and Information Technologies - The present study examined whether there is a difference in comprehension when reading from computer-based text versus reading from paper-based text and...     

中国科学院行政管理局“科教帮扶”新模式的实践与探索——以内蒙古库伦旗和贵州水城县构建“一个纽带两个基地”教育扶贫实践为例

教育是阻断贫困代际传递的治本之策。内蒙古库伦旗和贵州水城县是中国科学院的定点帮扶国家级贫困县。中国科学院行政管理局主动发挥热心公益事业的优良传统，利用自身教育资源优势，从学前教育和基础教育两个方面，在库伦旗和水城县构建"一个纽带两个基地"，开展了以"科学"特色为核心的"科教帮扶"新模式的探索。截至目前，中国科学院行政管理局在库伦旗投入资金200万元用于改善教育环境，资助300余名优秀师生到中国科学院相关院所参与"走进中科院、走近科学家"活动；在水城县开展"科普阅读进校园""科学快车"等科普活动；在库伦旗和水城县培训各级教师7 521人次，有效提升了当地师生的科学素养。未来，中国科学院行政管理局还将对"科教帮扶"的模式和内容进行更深入的探索，构建精准结对的共同体，以期实现"科教帮扶"的长期化、稳定化、实时化。     

Children Persist Less When Adults Take Over

Children need to learn to persist through challenges, yet adults sometimes step in to solve problems for them. Here, we looked at how adult taking over related to children’s persistence. In an observational study (N = 34, ages 4–8), we found that parents who took over more often during a challenging puzzle task rated their children as dispositionally less persistent. To establish whether taking over can cause reduced persistence, we ran two preregistered experiments (N = 150, ages 4–5). Children assigned to a taking over condition persisted less on a subsequent task compared to those in a teaching or a baseline condition. Reframing the context did not ameliorate the negative impact of taking over. The results suggest that taking over impairs children’s persistence.     

Influence of the Interplay of Habitual Affective Attributes and Classroom Learning Environments on Learners’ Situational Affective Experiences in Learning Science: The Narratives of Primary Pre-Service Teachers

Research in Science Education - Science education researchers have found that instructional design focusing more on learners’ affective needs can be powerful in nurturing effective and...     

Living–Learning Programs and First-Generation College Students’ Academic and Social Transition to College

This study examines the role of living–learning (L/L) programs in facilitating first-generation students’ perceived academic and social transition to college. Using a sample of 1,335 first-generation students from 33 4-year institutions who participated in the National Study of Living–Learning Programs during Spring 2004, the results of the study show that first-generation students in L/L programs reported a more successful academic and social transition to college than their first-generation counterparts living in a traditional residence hall setting. In addition, interactions with faculty members and using residence hall resources facilitated an easier academic transition for first-generation students in L/L programs, and supportive residence hall climates were related to an easier social transition. A preliminary interpretation of this study’s results is that structured activities, such as faculty interaction and residence hall programming, are more influential for this population than informal peer groups. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 2005 Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Montreal, Canada.     

γ′-(Fe_(1-x)Ni_x)_4N粉末的制备及其结构与磁性研究

用化学共沉淀法和在NH3/H2气氛下氮化处理得到了一系列不同Ni含量的Fe-Ni-N多晶粉末。分别用X射线衍射(X-ray Diffraction XRD)和振动样品磁强计(Vibrating Sample MagnetometerVSM)做了结构和磁性的测量。结果表明:制备单相γ′-(Fe1-xNix)4N粉末与NH3/H2气流比、热处理温度以及时间有关。随着Ni含量的增加,材料的晶格常数逐渐减小;饱和磁化强度(Ms)随着Ni含量的增加而下降,矫顽力(Hc)的变化比较复杂。Ni含量在0.20~0.26之间较容易得到单相的γ′-(Fe1-xNix)4N粉末,并且有较高的磁性。计算了Fe0.99Ni0.01N多晶粉末的饱和磁化强度,结果与实验值很接近。     

γ′（Fe1-xNix）4N粉末的制备及其结构与磁性研究

用化学共沉淀法和在NH3／H2气氛下氮化处理得到了一系列不同Ni含量的Fe-Ni-N多晶粉末。分别用X射线衍射（X-ray DiffractionXRD）和振动样品磁强计（VibratingSampleMagnetometerVSM）做了结构和磁性的测量。结果表明：制备单相γ′（Fe1-xNix）4N粉末与NH3／H2气流比、热处理温度以及时间有关。随着Ni含量的增加，材料的晶格常数逐渐减小；饱和磁化强度（Ms）随着Ni含量的增加而下降，矫顽力（Hc）的变化比较复杂。Ni含量在0．20～0．26之间较容易得到单相的γ′（Fe1-xNix）4N粉末，并且有较高的磁性。计算了Fe0.99Ni0.91N多晶粉末的饱和磁化强度，结果与实验值很接近。