Parental reactions to children's negative emotions: longitudinal relations to quality of children's social functioning

Relations between self-reported parental reactions to children's negative emotions (PNRs) and children's socially appropriate/problem behavior and negative emotionality were examined longitudinally. Evidence was consistent with the conclusion that relations between children's externalizing (but not internalizing) emotion and parental punitive reactions to children's negative emotions are bidirectional. Reports of PNRs generally were correlated with low quality of social functioning. In structural models, mother-reported problem behavior at ages 10-12 was at least marginally predicted from mother-reported problem behavior, children's regulation, and parental punitive or distress reactions. Moreover, parental distress and punitive reactions at ages 6-8 predicted reports of children's regulation at ages 8-10, and regulation predicted parental punitive reactions at ages 10-12. Father reports of problem behavior at ages 10-12 were predicted by earlier problem behavior and parental distress or punitive reactions; some of the relations between regulation and parental reactions were similar to those in the models for mother-reported problem behavior. Parental perceptions of their reactions were substantially correlated over 6 years. Some nonsupportive reactions declined in the early to mid-school years, but all increased into late childhood/early adolescence.     

面向政府决策的知识挖掘

在政府决策过程中,需要发掘蕴涵于政府智力资产中的隐性知识,形成决策智慧。将知识挖掘概念引入政府决策中,指出政府决策中需要挖掘的知识资产的类型,并分析知识挖掘对政府决策的作用,最后给出了政府决策过程中知识挖掘的流程。     

Externalities, technological complementarities and sustained economic growth

Externalities as conventionally defined miss many of the spillovers that are both causes and consequences of the technological changes that underlie economic growth. We introduce a much wider concept called technological complementarities. New general purpose technologies (GPTs) rejuvenate the growth process by creating technological complementarities, which are adequately measured neither by total factor productivity (TFP) nor by externalities. There would be major gains from technological change even if the returns on capital invested in innovation never exceeded the returns on investing in existing technologies so that there were neither externalities nor positive changes in TFP.     

孙中山与中共早期党员施滉

孙中山是一代伟人,他与早期中国共产党人的关系是很值得研究的课题。中共早期党员施滉与孙中山有过一段鲜为人知的革命交往。他曾赴广州谒见孙中山,聆听孙中山的教诲,征询求学的目的和方向;赴美留学后,坚定捍卫孙中山的新三民主义和联俄、联共、扶助农工三大政策,在华侨中宣传革命思想,进行反蒋斗争;在斯坦福大学硕士毕业时,撰写毕业论文《孙中山评传》,对孙中山的革命生涯进行详细解读和分析,成为孙中山逝世后我国最早研究孙中山并为其撰写传记的人。     

Using A Split-ballot Survey to Explore the Robustness of the 'MIP' Question in Agenda-Setting Research: A Methodological Study

Three aspects of the ‘most important problem’ questionused in agenda-setting research to measure issue salience amongthe public were examined. A split-ballot design in a state-widesurvey compared versions of the public agenda with a socialframe of reference versus a personal frame of reference, versionsusing the traditional term ‘problem’ versus ‘issue’,and the effects of question order. High correlations betweenthe different versions were found in all three sets of comparisons.     

发展性课程观:课程价值取向的必然选择

发展性课程观是在批判传统课程中根深蒂固的且至今仍存在于现实课程活动中的观念和行为以及人与课程之时代发展走向的基础上提出的,是课程观转型的时代主题。发展性课程观以马克思的人类解放理论为理论依据,它的核心是教化个体与改良社会,而教化的目的在于促进个体的全面发展与个性化成长,进而促成社会发展。构筑发展性课程观的互动、共生及再造的实践机制,廓清其运演的机理,激发个体的生命自觉,构筑和谐的课程生态,实现个体生命的超越,这是课程价值取向及人的发展的必然选择。