Topological metrics in academic genealogy graphs

Academic genealogy aims to structure and analyze the mentoring relationships between advisor and advisee. The representation of this structure results in academic genealogy graphs. For the analysis and characterization of these graphs, we present a set of metrics and their corresponding mirror metrics that capture the characteristics of its topological structure and represent them as quantitative attributes. The metrics of fecundity, fertility, descendants, cousins, generations, and relationships consider the descendants of the academics represented in the graph. The mirror metric of these topological metrics considers the ascendancy of academics. Individually, the metrics have strong semantic intuition and define characteristics regarding the performance in the mentoring of an academic. Together, the metrics are useful for the identification, characterization, and classification of communities and their members. The genealogical data available through the platforms of the Mathematics Genealogy Project and the Academic Family Tree were used as case studies. Two hundred thirteen thousand and 675,000 academic records were obtained for each project. We analyze the capacity of characterization of the metrics using the structuring of a similarity graph and through the distribution of the nodes in principal components. We observed that the set of metrics is capable of capturing the configuration pattern existing in genealogy graphs independently of its scale.     

美国高校数字人文研究项目研究内容解析

[目的/意义]分析美国高校数字人文项目的实践热点,为我国机构开展数字人文研究提供参考。[方法/过程]通过网络调查法调查美国高校数字人文项目的开展情况,使用共词分析和可视化分析方法对相关高校数字人文实践的热点进行分析,在此基础上对相关项目的研究内容和研究方法进行梳理。[结果/结论]美国高校数字人文项目存在4个核心主题,在研究方法上利用多种数字技术,其项目实践对我国机构开展同类项目具有借鉴意义。     

Comparison of the force-, velocity-, and power-time curves recorded with a force plate and a linear velocity transducer

This study aimed to correlate, compare, and determine the reliability of force, velocity, and power values collected with a force plate (FP) and a linear transducer during loaded jumps. Twenty-three swimmers performed an incremental loading test at 25, 50, 75, and 100% of their own body weight on a FP. A linear velocity transducer (LVT) was attached to the bar to assess the peak and the mean values of force, velocity, and power. Both the peak variables (r = 0.94 – 0.99 for peak force, r = 0.83 – 0.91 for peak velocity, and r = 0.90–0.94 for peak power; p < 0.001) and the mean variables (r = 0.96–0.99 for mean force, r = 0.87–0.89 for mean velocity, and r = 0.93–0.96 for mean power; p < 0.001) were strongly correlated between both measurement tools. Differences in the shape of the force-, velocity-, and power-time curves were observed. The LVT data showed a steeper increase in these variables at the beginning of the movement, while the FP recorded larger values in the latter part. Peak values were more reliable than mean values. These results suggest that the LVT is a valid tool for the assessment of loaded squat jump.     

Are the new starting block facilities beneficial for backstroke start performance?

We aimed to analyse the handgrip positioning and the wedge effects on the backstroke start performance and technique. Ten swimmers completed randomly eight 15 m backstroke starts (four with hands on highest horizontal and four on vertical handgrip) performed with and without wedge. One surface and one underwater camera recorded kinematic data. Standardised mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used. Handgrip positioning did not affect kinematics with and without wedge use. Handgrips horizontally positioned and feet over wedge displayed greater knee angular velocity than without it (SMD = ?0.82; 95% CI: ?1.56, ?0.08). Hands vertically positioned and feet over wedge presented greater take-off angle (SMD = ?0.81; 95% CI: ?1.55, ?0.07), centre of mass (CM) vertical positioning at first water contact (SMD = ?0.97; 95% CI: ?1.87, ?0.07) and CM vertical velocity at CM immersion (SMD = 1.03; 95% CI: 0.08, 1.98) when comparing without wedge use. Swimmers extended the hip previous to the knee and ankle joints, except for the variant with hands vertically positioned without wedge (SMD = 0.75; 95% CI: ?0.03, 1.53). Swimmers should preserve biomechanical advantages achieved during flight with variant with hands vertically positioned and wedge throughout entry and underwater phase.     

Antipsychotics-induced hyperprolactinemia and screening for macroprolactin

IntroductionHigh prolactin (PRL) concentrations are found in laboratory test results of patients on majority of antipsychotic drugs. Prevalence rates and degrees of severity of hyperprolactinemia (HPRL) based on PRL concentration may depend on the presence of macroprolactin in the serum. The aim of the study was to investigate the difference between PRL concentrations before and after precipitation of macroprolactin and to examine if there were any changes in the categorization of HPRL between samples prior and after precipitation.Materials and methodsTotal of 98 female patients (median age 33; range 19-47 years) diagnosed with a psychotic disorder, proscribed antipsychotic drugs, and with HPRL were included. Total PRL concentration and PRL concentration after macroprolactin precipitation with polyethylene glycol (postPEG-PRL) were determined by the chemiluminometric method on the Beckman Coulter Access2 analyser.ResultsTotal PRL concentrations (median 1471; IQC: 1064-2016 mlU/L) and postPEG-PRL concentrations (median 1453; IQC: 979-1955 mlU/L) were significantly correlated using intraclass correlation coefficient for single measurements (mean estimation 0.96; 95%CI 0.93-0.97) and average measurement (mean estimation 0.98; 95%CI 0.96-0.99), and all investigated female patient had HPRL according to PRL and postPEG-PRL concentration. The median PRL recovery following PEG precipitation was 95; IQC: 90-100%. There was substantial agreement (kappa test = 0.859, 95% CI: 0.764-0.953) between the categories of HPRL severity based on total PRL concentrations and postPEG-PRL concentrations.ConclusionThe study demonstrated that HPRL was present in all subjects using the reference interval for total PRL concentration and postPEG-PRL concentration with no significant impact of macroprolactin presence in the serum on the categorization of patients according to severity of HPRL.     

高校汽车服务工程专业应用型人才培养研究

针对我国对汽车服务工程应用型人才的需求现状,阐述了汽车服务工程应用型人才培养的必要性,分析了高校汽车服务工程专业的培养目标,提出高校汽车服务工程专业应用型人才培养应在课程体系、教学方法、人才培养方案、专业特色、实验室建设、大学生创新基地建设、实训基地、师资队伍、模块化体系、毕业设计和职业培训等方面加以改进。     

数控开发人才培养模式的探讨

本文在深入分析高质量数控技术人才的社会需求基础上,提出了数控开发人才培养的教学内容和教学方法。     

专家型教师的知识结构及其发展模式分析

教师专业发展的核心是教师的知识建构。专家型教师不仅具有丰厚的理论性知识,还具有大量的实践性知识,并能够灵活地进行理论知识和实践知识的转化,在建构知识的过程中能够不断创新知识,其知识结构是多元化的。新手教师要成为专家型教师可按照模仿、借鉴、反思、实践、科研的知识发展模式,实现从理论知识到实践知识的转化,在教学实践中不断将实践知识内化,最后完成由实践知识到理论知识的升华,构建合理的知识结构。     

Impact sports and bone fractures among adolescents

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of different sports on stress fractures among adolescents during a 9-month follow-up period. The sample was composed of 184 adolescents divided into three groups (impact sports [n = 102]; swimming [n = 35]; non-sports [n = 47]). The occurrence of stress fracture was reported by participants and coaches. As potential confounders we considered age, sex, resistance training, body composition variables and age at peak of height velocity. There were 13 adolescents who reported fractures during the 9-month period. Bone mineral density values were higher in adolescents engaged in impact sports (P-value = 0.002). Independently of confounders, the risk of stress fracture was lower in adolescents engaged in impact sports than in non-active adolescents (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.23 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.05 to 0.98]), while swimming practice was not associated to lower risk of fracture (HR = 0.49 [95% CI = 0.09 to 2.55]). In conclusion, the findings from this study indicate the importance of sports participation among adolescents in the reduction of stress fracture risk, especially with impact sports. More importantly, these results could be relevant for recognising adolescents in danger of not reaching their potential for peak bone mass and later an increased risk of fractures.     

中国农村居民工资性收入影响因素实证研究——尤其教育在其中的作用

工资性收入在农村居民纯收入中所占比重不断提高,提高农村居民的工资性收入对增加农民收入和缩小城乡差距具有重要意义。本文主要运用定量分析的方法,研究影响我国农村居民工资性收入的主要因素。研究发现：健康状况、乡城流动、产业结构、尤其是教育水平对农村居民工资性收入有显著影响,但这些影响在我国的东部、中部和西部各不相同,其中教育对东部和中部的影响非常大而对西部的影响却不显著。本文分析了形成这些不同影响的原因,并提出了相应的政策建议。