Effects of radiant heat exposure on pacing pattern during a 15-km cycling time trial

Abstract

The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of different durations of skin temperature manipulation on pacing patterns and performance during a 15-km cycling time trial. Nineteen well-trained men completed three 15-km cycling time trials in 18°C and 50% relative humidity with 4.5-km (short-heat), 9.0-km (long-heat) or without (control) radiant heat exposure applied by infrared heaters after 1.5 km in the time trial. During the time trials, power output, mean skin temperature, rectal temperature, heart rate and rating of perceived exertion were assessed. The radiant heat exposure resulted in higher mean skin temperature during the time trial for short-heat (35.0 ± 0.6°C) and long-heat (35.3 ± 0.5°C) than for control (32.5 ± 1.0°C; P < 0.001), whereas rectal temperature was similar (P = 0.55). The mean power output was less for short-heat (273 ± 8 W; P = 0.001) and long-heat (271 ± 9 W; P = 0.02) than for control (287 ± 7 W), but pacing patterns did not differ (P = 0.55). Heart rate was greatest in control (177 ± 9 beats · min^?1; P < 0.001), whereas the rating of perceived exertion remained similar. We concluded that a radiant heat exposure and associated higher skin temperature reduced overall performance, but did not modify pacing pattern during a 15-km cycling time trial, regardless of the duration of the exposure.     

DESIGNING A MULTI-DISCIPLINARY GERIATRICS HEALTH PROFESSIONAL MENTORING PROGRAM

This paper describes a Geriatric Health Professionals Mentoring Program designed to address recruitment and retention of health professionals in geriatrics and gerontology. The training provided information on the mentoring process, negotiating mentoring agreements, and coaching mentees. The evaluative framework described examines: (a) the effects of mentoring, (b) reactions of mentors and mentees, and (c) the effect of intervening variables. Trained mentors expressed satisfaction with the program and were comfortable about general mentoring but less confident about specific guidance for mentees. A cadre of mentors can be successfully trained to assist geriatric health professionals to better care for older Americans.     

CREATIVITY IN ADULTHOOD AND OLD AGE: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY

The purpose of this study was to explore the creative process and creative products across the adult life span. The subjects were 61 women, ages 20 to 83 years, who were comparable in intelligence, education, and interest in writing. They completed a creative writing project and took three standardized creativity tests and two intelligence subtests. Both quantitative and qualitative differences were found favoring young adults. Predictive but not construct validity was demonstrated for the creativity tests with this population of young and old adults. Both methodological constraints and the ecological validity of these measures of creativity are discussed.     

职业概念的性别差异研究——以男女经理为例

研究与男女两性形成职业经理人的有关问题,包括组织中管理身份的改变以及男女两性在工作、生活和家庭中身份的改变。研究基于对来自4个IT企业的15位男女经理的深度访谈,并以此探究他们在管理身份、职业和工作——生活关系上的观念变化,特别强调从性别角色出发进行分析,以揭示职业概念上的性别差异。     

Education in the Context of Structural Injustice: A symposium response

What an honor to have political and educational theorists of such caliber take up ideas from my work! What a daunting task to try to respond! My remarks will touch on the following questions: What are some key issues of distributive justice in education today? Why does defining justice in terms of oppression and domination imply that issues of justice cannot be reduced to distribution? How does normalization constitute a major process enacting oppression, and what does this imply for education? What does it mean to include marginalized groups in economic opportunity and democratic process, and how can educational institutions foster such inclusion? Why do issues of religion and other forms of cultural expression belong to a distinct category of justice? Are values of freedom of expression and tolerance in tension with the project of democratic inclusion? How shall we consider transnational issues of educational justice?     

Curriculum Alignment with a Mission of Social Change in Higher Education

Institutions of higher education frequently acknowledge their role in contributing to the common good through their mission statements. The current literature suggests that in order to be effective mission statements must be clearly articulated and reflected in all the activities of the institution including its curriculum. Faculty members at Walden University developed a Curriculum Guide for Social Change that could serve as a tool for reviewing current course offerings and developing new courses to reflect its mission of “creating positive social change.” Those involved in piloting the Guide report on the process in this article. The general consensus is that it was time-consuming and frequently subjective; but the Guide gave substance to the institution’s mission, opening the way for its fuller implementation.     

Facilitating Learnscape Development,Maintenance and Use: Teachers' perceptions and self-reported practices

Learnscapes are a recent initiative of the New South Wales Department of Education and Training (NSW DET). They are generally school ground features, e.g., an edible garden, a poetry corner or a wildlife corridor, where a learning program has been designed to permit users to interact with the environment. The learning programs are to meet syllabi learning outcomes including environmental education. Learnscape design, development, and use are to involve students, teachers and the community. Teachers' perceptions of the value and impact of learnscapes in two NSW DET pilot schools are reported, as well as their self-reported involvement and use. These varied considerably, despite the majority of teachers extolling the value of learnscapes. Several 'barriers' to the effective use of learnscapes surfaced. The relationship of learnscapes to environmental education was not uppermost in most teachers' minds. Explanations are suggested and pedagogical implications discussed.