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51.
OBJECTIVE: This study compared recidivism rates for alleged maltreatment perpetrators whose initial report was substantiated and those whose initial report was not substantiated, to determine whether they returned to the child welfare system at differing rates. METHOD: Statewide administrative child welfare services data over a period of 4 1/2 years was analyzed. The sample included 31,531 perpetrators of intrafamilial maltreatment. Separate analyses were conducted for each type of maltreatment (sexual abuse, physical abuse, and neglect). RESULTS: Bivariate relationships (substantiation status and recidivism) were analyzed using survival curves, and the study found that recidivism patterns differed by type of maltreatment and by substantiation status at the index event. Multivariate analyses using Cox Proportional Hazards models found that bivariate relationships held true even when controlling for neighborhood mean income, ethnicity, and gender. CONCLUSIONS: The study's finding that perpetrators whose index event was not substantiated return to the child welfare system at a high rate suggests the need to learn how to discriminate those unsubstantiated alleged perpetrators who are most at risk for recidivism. The finding of frequent cross-type recidivism indicates that intervention should focus on common themes across maltreatment types. 相似文献
52.
James Tooley Pauline Dixon Isaac Amuah 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2007,53(4):389-415
A census and survey of schools in the district of Ga, Ghana, explored the nature and extent of private education, and compared
inputs to public and private schooling. Three quarters of all schools found were private, with almost as many unregistered
private as government schools. Several important differences between registered and unregistered private schools were noted,
including age, fee levels charged, teacher salaries and class size. A range of inputs, such as teacher activity, availability
of desks, chairs, libraries, toilets and drinking water, were used to compare inputs to government, unregistered and registered
private schools. Some conclusions are explored about the potential role for the private sector in helping meet “education
for all” targets. 相似文献
53.
Clinton I. Chase 《Educational Psychology Review》1998,10(2):239-248
Although educational psychologists once were tied in with teachers in solving instructional problems, the progression of the science of psychology has led them away from the practical aspects of teaching. Instead, educational psychologists find themselves talking about theories—in their own language—to each other, and not to their colleagues in the curriculum areas. To this end they are not a continuing source of productive information for solving practical problems in classroom practice. Suggestions are made for improving communication between educational psychologists and on-line educators. 相似文献
54.
Werner Helsper Heinz-Hermann Krüger Lena Dreier Catharina I. Keßler Stephanie Kreuz Mareke Niemann 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2016,19(4):705-725
During the last decades, the education system has been marked by distinct processes of internationalisation. In the field of higher education, there are numerous and varied schools with different international profiles. This paper focuses on processes of internationalisation in the German sector of higher education. We contrast two higher secondary schools with international profiles: one international school in a West German metropolitan region with a long tradition and a younger internationally-profiled school located in the periphery of an East German urban centre. This institutional analysis presents school cultural similarities and differences with regard to different claims and concepts of internationality. This analysis is complemented by a reconstruction of three patterns of biographical meaning examining the internationality of pupils and their respective habitual fit to these internationally-profiled schools. We draw on qualitative data, consisting mainly of interviews with head teachers and pupils of these two schools. We argue that these differing regional forms of internationalisation indicate a stratification and hierarchisation in the field of higher education in Germany. 相似文献
55.
Parental reactions to children's negative emotions: longitudinal relations to quality of children's social functioning 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Relations between self-reported parental reactions to children's negative emotions (PNRs) and children's socially appropriate/problem behavior and negative emotionality were examined longitudinally. Evidence was consistent with the conclusion that relations between children's externalizing (but not internalizing) emotion and parental punitive reactions to children's negative emotions are bidirectional. Reports of PNRs generally were correlated with low quality of social functioning. In structural models, mother-reported problem behavior at ages 10-12 was at least marginally predicted from mother-reported problem behavior, children's regulation, and parental punitive or distress reactions. Moreover, parental distress and punitive reactions at ages 6-8 predicted reports of children's regulation at ages 8-10, and regulation predicted parental punitive reactions at ages 10-12. Father reports of problem behavior at ages 10-12 were predicted by earlier problem behavior and parental distress or punitive reactions; some of the relations between regulation and parental reactions were similar to those in the models for mother-reported problem behavior. Parental perceptions of their reactions were substantially correlated over 6 years. Some nonsupportive reactions declined in the early to mid-school years, but all increased into late childhood/early adolescence. 相似文献
56.
J. I. Anetor F I Ajose T. S Akingbola 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(1):193-197
A 64-year-old security guard and longstanding known hypertensive presented with hypertensive heart disease (HHD), weight loss,
an enlarged prostate, and a spontaneously fractured rib. Malignancy of the prostate with possible metastases to the ribs was
strongly suspected. Biochemical profiling revealed a paraprotein. Other biochemical and hematological correlates that were
on hand before serum protein electrophoresis were rather atypical. Paraprotein studies by immunofixation revealed IgA myelomatosis.
Unlike previous reports from Caucasians there was normocalcaemia, normal protein level, microcytic hypochromia, low MCHC,
cholesterol level at the lower limit of the reference range and normal urea level (in the face of markedly raised creatinine
level). Nutritional modulation of the classical laboratory features of this disease may account for the fairly atypical laboratory
picture.
The need to appreciate the influence of nutritional status on the laboratory (especially biochemical) features of a disease
and thus interpretation of diagnostic tests appears of exceptional current importance, given the widening gap in socioeconomic
status and the level of poverty between the resource poor and developed countries from which the classical, clinical and laboratory
features of most diseases were first described.
This case report reminds of the need not only to recognize theoretically the impact of nutritional status on the laboratory
characteristics of a disease but of the practical application of the nutritional perspective in the interpretation of diagnostic
investigations, especially in nutritionally disadvantaged communities. 相似文献
57.
G. M. Sankolli M. I. Khatkhatay M. P. Desai D. K. Pardhe P. C. Ishrad U. M. Joshi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1992,7(1):71-74
Aprototype kit for the detection of occurrence of ovulation based on urinary pregnanediol glucuronide estimations by ELISA
was developed in our laboratory. This kit was sent for evaluation at 4 centres in Bombay and Pune, India. The diagnosis of
ovulation/anovulation based on the results of the kit is comparable with that based on reference parameters commonly used
(ultrasonography of ovarian follicles and serum progesterone estimations). The accuracy of the test was 93.5%, specificity
was 87.5% and sensitivity was 95.7%. This rapid indigenous test can be very useful in assessing ovulatory status of the woman
by the clinicians in their offices. 相似文献
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