Adult Education and Lifelong Learning: New developments in Russia

The article examines the impact of social change, transformation and globalization on adult education and lifelong learning in post-communist Russia. It begins with a brief economic and historical background to adult education, followed by an analysis of policy and curriculum changes. Current issues and trends in adult education are also discussed and a new post-hegemonic paradigm is proposed.     

丰田背后二三事

丰田到底怎么啦? 其实也不是太大的问题.至少不是工程、机械,甚至是质量的问题.如果你像丰田那样能生产出高品质的汽车,你就可以在全球汽车行业中高速前进.尽管汽车已经是人们所熟悉的机械设备,但它也是非常复杂的东西.     

Coached Clients as Raters of Counseling Effectiveness

The study was designed to investigate whether coached clients, trained in objective rating techniques, were more consistent with the ratings of counselor educators when evaluating the counseling effectiveness of counselor trainees, as compared to the same ratings completed by non-coached clients using the same criterion. A sample of ten counselor trainees were each rated by two coached and two non-coached clients using the Counseling Evaluation Inventory. The results indicated that the coached clients significantly agreed with the criterion, while the non-coached clients exhibited bias and subjectivity in their ratings.     

Emotional Intimacy and Children's Adjustment: A comparison between single-parent divorced and intact families

The present investigation studies the levels of emotional intimacy within nonclinical single-parent families and intact families, and how these may relate to children's academic, social and emotional adjustments. Participants were 94 children of divorced families, 95 children of intact families, and their mothers (60 married and 58 divorced). The inventory of family feelings (IFF) and Kvebaek family sculpture technique (KFST) were used to examine subjects' emotional relationships with their family members. The results show significant differences between the divorced and intact groups on several measures of intimacy and adjustment. Most of these differences, however, are found to be small (as reflected by their small size effect). The only exception is with regard to the children's feeling of intimacy with their divorced noncustodial father. The quality of this dyad relationship also has a predictive power for the children's psychological, social and academic levels of functioning. These results are discussed in the context of divorced families' emotional boundaries and concerns over the long-term effects of parental divorce on children.