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91.
H.C.K. Alewell 《Higher Education Quarterly》1990,44(2):123-141
Financing universities in times of increasing demands in all fields of public expenditure is a problem of nearly all European counnies not least because of the ongoing process of European integration. Comparing the different national systems of financing universities may be a means to foster cooperation and competition in a step by step growing network of universities in the European Community. This paper tries to give some insights into the German system; special considerotion is given to its federal structure and its implications for the universities' financthg system, because these problems may be of interest to other countries also. Of course this survey cannot be complete; details must be left to detailed information. The first part of the paper gives a survey of the higher education system in the Federal Republic of Gennany. The second part deals with the sources of funds, including the structure of mong streams to the universities. The third part refffs to the restrictions in using state money in the universities and the problems resulting; the fourth and final part concentrates on problems of the future, especially getring third party finds, and the diversifiation. of financing. 相似文献
92.
93.
94.
目的探讨尿素酶型纤溶酶原激活物(urokinase-type plasminigen activator,uPA)、乙酰肝素酶(heparanase,HPA)在卵巢上皮癌和淋巴结转移癌中表达及其与肿瘤侵袭的关系。方法应用免疫组化SABC法,对65例卵巢上皮肿瘤手术标本进行uPA和HPA蛋白表达的测定。结果uPA、HPA在卵巢上皮癌中阳性表达率分别为66.7%、51.1%,其明显高于良性肿瘤及正常组织,有淋巴结转移的肿瘤的阳性表达率分别为78.1%、62.5%,无淋巴结转移的肿瘤阳性表达率分别为38.1%、23.1%,uPA和HPA高表达与卵巢癌侵袭和淋巴结转移关系密切(P<0.05)。uPA和HPA在卵巢癌中的表达无显著性差异(P>0.05)表达成正相关(r=0.724)。结论uPA和HPA蛋白的表达与卵巢癌的侵袭和转移有显著的相关性。 相似文献
95.
There is an increasing interest in linking character education programs with social and academic outcomes. The Child Development
Project (CDP) is a character education program that promotes academic and social growth in teachers and students. This theory-driven
evaluation employed a quasi-experimental design with matched control schools. School personnel participated in an intensive
professional development process to learn the CDP model. Performance measures included state-mandated achievement measures,
teacher self-assessment reports, and student attitudes and outcomes. Results yielded support for the CDP model as a strategy
to improve social and, if properly implemented, cognitive outcomes in students; the model also improved teacher self-assessment
and provided information that may facilitate professional growth about school collegiality. Implications for policy and practice
will be discussed. 相似文献
96.
成人英语学习特点及对策研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在英语学习中成人同普招学生相比有自身特点心理因素、社会因素、环境因素等共同作用形成优势,也产生劣势.教师在辅导成人英语学习时,应充分发挥成人固有的优点,同时针对存在的问题从教材、教法入手,多方面、多渠道促进成人学好英语. 相似文献
97.
S. E. Phillips 《Educational Measurement》1996,15(2):5-13
What legal issues may arise in setting content or performance standards? What precedents are relevant? What practices are defensible? 相似文献
98.
Phillip S. Jarvis 《Journal of Career Development》1990,16(3):157-171
Conclusion Computer-based career systems should be the focal point of popular, and effective career development initiatives which are of tremendous benefit to individuals. Such initiatives also have the potential to significantly reduce public expenditures and enhance the nation's competitive position internationally. The key lies in helping people understand that we can no longer afford to neglect the career development needs of Americans.I am most grateful for this opportunity to share my thoughts with you. I encourage you to promote the use of computer-based career systems by defining their benefits in economic terms. However, be sure you can prove your system does more than simply entertain its users, or leave them with extensive computer printouts.Phillip S. Jarvis is Manager, Careerware Research and Product Design, STM Systems Corp., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada and the author of CHOICES. This is the text of a paper presented to the Annual Conference of the Association of Computer-Based Systems for Career Information ((ACSCI) in St. Louis, Missouri on December 2, 1988. 相似文献
99.
S Grant T Hasler C Davies T C Aitchison J Wilson A Whittaker 《Journal of sports sciences》2001,19(7):499-505
There is limited information on the anthropometry, strength, endurance and flexibility of female rock climbers. The aim of this study was to compare these characteristics in three groups of females: Group 1 comprised 10 elite climbers aged 31.3 +/- 5.0 years (mean +/- s) who had led to a standard of 'hard very severe'; Group 2 consisted of 10 recreational climbers aged 24.1 +/- 4.0 years who had led to a standard of 'severe'; and Group 3 comprised 10 physically active individuals aged 28.5 +/- 5.0 years who had not previously rock-climbed. The tests included finger strength (grip strength, finger strength measured on climbing-specific apparatus), flexibility, bent arm hang and pull-ups. Regression procedures (analysis of covariance) were used to examine the influence of body mass, leg length, height and age. For finger strength, the elite climbers recorded significantly higher values (P < 0.05) than the recreational climbers and non-climbers (four fingers, right hand: elite 321 +/- 18 N, recreational 251 +/- 14 N, non-climbers 256 +/- 15 N; four fingers, left hand: elite 307 +/- 14 N, recreational 248 +/- 12 N, non-climbers 243 +/- 11 N). For grip strength of the right hand, the elite climbers recorded significantly higher values than the recreational climbers only (elite 338 +/- 12 N, recreational 289 +/- 10 N, non-climbers 307 +/- 11 N). The results suggest that elite climbers have greater finger strength than recreational climbers and non-climbers. 相似文献
100.
通过访谈和问卷调查,本研究旨在发现美澳潜在游客对2008北京奥运会的兴趣、旅行意向、可能的旅行同伴和主要信息来源,为北京奥运会的组织者、相关公司和个人提供有价值的信息,从而制定相应的有效市场宣传策略,吸引更多的海外游客旅行到北京观看奥运会。调查显示出超过半数的美澳游客对北京奥运会感兴趣,但只有极少数人目前有旅行的打算,而过去的经验中“是否到过中国”和“是否经常出国观看体育比赛”对旅行打算具有很大的影响。另外,美澳游客的最可能旅行同伴是朋友或家人,而有关北京奥运会的最主要信息来源是国际互联网。 相似文献