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991.
Pedagogical Dilemmas in the National Literacy Strategy: Primary teachers' perceptions,reflections and classroom behaviour 总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2
This paper argues that the National Literacy Strategy (NLS) offers contradictory pedagogical advice to teachers on 'interactive teaching'. It reports research on teachers' perceptions of and responses to this advice and focuses particularly on NLS demands for teaching which is 'well paced with a sense of urgency'. Evidence from case studies and systematic observations of classroom interaction is used to show that whilst teachers vary in their sensitivity to the dilemmas posed by NLS demands, their classroom discourse in the Literacy Hour is quantitatively and qualitatively different from pre-NLS discourse. It is suggested that opportunities for critical reflection on practice are needed to help teachers articulate and resolve the dilemmas created by the imposition of prescribed programmes on personal educational principles. 相似文献
992.
The assessment of internal control is a consideration in all financial statement audits, as stressed by the Statement on Auditing Standards (SAS) No. 78. According to this statement, “the auditor should obtain an understanding of internal control sufficient to plan the audit” ( Accounting Standards Board, 1995 , p. 1). Therefore, an accounting student will progress through the auditing course with the responsibility of learning how and why internal controls are assessed. Research in expert systems applied to auditing has shown that there is strong support for the constructive dialogue used in expert systems as a means of encouraging their use in decision making ( Eining, Jones, & Loebbecke, 1997 ). The purpose of this study is to provide the student or novice auditor with a method for developing a more comprehensive understanding of internal controls and the use of internal controls in audit planning. The results of the study reinforce previous findings that novices do better when an expert system applies analogies along with declarative explanations, and clarifies the length of time in which the use of active learning in a training system can provide an improvement to declarative knowledge, but procedural knowledge must be acquired over a longer time frame. 相似文献
993.
Peter Shea Suzanne Hayes Sedef Uzuner Smith Jason Vickers Temi Bidjerano Alexandra Pickett Mary Gozza-Cohen Jane Wilde Shoubang Jian 《The Internet and Higher Education》2012,15(2):89-95
This paper presents an empirical study grounded in the Community of Inquiry framework (Garrison, Anderson Archer, 2000) and employs quantitative content analysis of student discourse and other artifacts of learning in online courses in an effort to enhance and improve the framework and offer practical implications for online education. As a theoretical framework the purpose of the widely referenced CoI model is to describe, explain, and predict learning in online environments. The current study grows out of an ongoing research agenda to understand student and faculty experiences in emerging technology-mediated education systems and to make recommendations for theory and practice. The major question addressed here is whether the CoI model adequately explains effective learner behavior in fully online courses and to articulate a new conceptual element — learning presence. Results indicate that learning presence is evident in more complex learning activities that promote collaboration and is correlated with course grades. 相似文献
994.
Taught Master's students have been largely overlooked in research into learners' engagement with digital technologies. This article reports work to redress this imbalance, in which an extended email correspondence was conducted with 23 Master's students. Specifically, it investigates (1) the extent to which these students start their courses both functionally competent in the use of IT and digitally literate, and (2) the relationship between students' engagement with digital technologies and their experience of transition to postgraduate study in five areas: knowledge and skills, autonomy, ‘deeper’ learning, enculturation into an academic community, and self-concept. Findings suggest that students may initially be less functionally competent in IT than might be expected, but use these tools in an informed manner. Engagement with a wider range of digital technologies parallels their shift from novice to expert practice and their developing self-concept as researchers; however, non-digital means also remain important in mediating all aspects of transition. 相似文献
995.
Mehmet Aydeniz Kristen Baksa Jane Skinner 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2011,20(4):403-421
The purpose of this study was to understand the impact of an apprenticeship program on high school students’ understanding
of the nature of scientific inquiry. Data related to seventeen students’ understanding of science and scientific inquiry were
collected through open-ended questionnaires. Findings suggest that although engagement in authentic scientific research helped
the participants to develop competency in experimentation methods it had limited impact on participants’ learning of the implicit
aspects of scientific inquiry and NOS. Discussion focuses on the importance of making the implicit assumptions of science
explicit to the students in such authentic scientific inquiry settings through structured curriculum. 相似文献
996.
Jane Piirto 《International journal of qualitative studies in education》2013,26(4):407-415
Qualitative research methodologies comprise distinct traditions, each of which is based on its own assumptions and discrete methods for collecting, analyzing and reporting data. This paper examines a distinctive approach to qualitative research that was employed in a recent study to open a gateway to understanding the impact of the shootings at Columbine High School. Using the Columbine study as a model, it analyzes and delineates a process for collecting data through modified oral history practices, displaying data through stories using a specialized form of poetic representation, and disclosing results through strategies adapted from educational criticism and connoisseurship. 相似文献
997.
Antenatal education is an important component of antenatal care in the developed world, but research indicates that it may not be meeting consumer needs. This article provides an overview of a needs assessment that aimed to determine the concerns and interests of expectant and new parents and how they prefer to learn during the periods of pregnancy and the early weeks of parenthood. The findings could be used to develop an innovative approach to antenatal education in order to prepare expectant and new parents for the birth experience and the early weeks of parenthood. The current study's results identified that expectant and new parents' concerns and interests during pregnancy, childbirth, and new parenting fall within five interrelated conceptual areas: 1) perceiving achievement or failure; 2) taking on "risk"; 3) riding an emotional "roller coaster" of joy, anxiety, and uncertainty; 4) needing to "know...what is normal"; and 5) needing help to "perform well." 相似文献
998.
Jane Grimson 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2002,27(1):31-37
Engineering lies at the interface between science on the one hand and society on the other. It is concerned with the systematic application of scientific and mathematical principles towards practical ends for the benefit of people. Traditionally the emphasis in engineering education has been on the scientific side, with students given a thorough grounding in the basic scientific and mathematical principles underpinning their discipline. However, the constraints on engineering problem-solving today are increasingly not technical, but rather lie on the societal and human side of engineering practice. These changes require new approaches within the curriculum and by promoting active learning and encouraging students to experiment and be more creative, eLearning is one of an important number of strategies for achieving the paradigm shift that is required. 相似文献
999.
Ronald K. Hambleton Russell W. Jones H. Jane Rogers 《Journal of Educational Measurement》1993,30(2):143-155
Item response models are finding increasing use in achievement and aptitude test development. Item response theory (IRT) test development involves the selection of test items based on a consideration of their item information functions. But a problem arises because item information functions are determined by their item parameter estimates, which contain error. When the "best" items are selected on the basis of their statistical characteristics, there is a tendency to capitalize on chance due to errors in the item parameter estimates. The resulting test, therefore, falls short of the test that was desired or expected. The purposes of this article are (a) to highlight the problem of item parameter estimation errors in the test development process, (b) to demonstrate the seriousness of the problem with several simulated data sets, and (c) to offer a conservative solution for addressing the problem in IRT-based test development. 相似文献
1000.