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991.
Jean -Paul Caverni Jean -Luc Péris 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1992,7(2):109-122
Two experiments were designed in order to examine the knowledge assessment task accomplished by French teachers assessing essays written by French native secondary school students. The focus of the study bears on the potentially multidimensional nature of the processing of evaluation cues. In the experimental conditions conventionally designed to test multidimensional evaluation models or techniques, information about each object to be evaluated (and hence, the dimensions along which objects are compared with each other) are explicitly provided to the subject from some external source. The experiments presented here were aimed at studying information processing by experts performing an evaluation task in which the experts themselves are required to: (i) define the relevant dimensions to be used in the evaluation and (ii) elaborate the necessary information about each of those dimensions for each object (in this case, native language essays). The question is to find out whether or not the information processing carried out by such subjects is multidimensional. If evaluators do in fact perform multidimensional processing of information, this implies not only that evaluation cues belong to differentiated classes (Experiment 1), but also that cues belonging to the same class are processed with respect to each other before being processed with respect to cues of another class (Experiment 2). The results obtained here support that conclusion. Both experiments used the self-paced display paradigm. Subjects were presented with segments of text on a computer screen, and the display time for each segment was recorded. Random coloration of errors belonging to three evaluator-defined classes was found to increase display time on the corresponding segments. 相似文献
992.
In this paper, Jean Wright and Ann Beynon discuss their past and present experience of counselling in schools and colleges. They reflect on the way counselling in schools has declined whilst at the same time growing significantly in sixth forms and colleges of further education. Drawing on these experiences and one of the writers' recent experience of the approach to counselling in the USA, they argue that a reconsideration is needed of the value of counselling approaches in schools. 相似文献
993.
There is a need for people to have access to health information but this may not be readily available for some black and ethnic minority groups living in England. This study aims to improve access to health information for ethnic minority groups by providing this in their own language, in an audio and visual format through a touchscreen computer. The study was led by health promotion and public health workers informed by advisory panels of representatives from local black and ethnic minority groups in the cities of Nottingham, Sheffield and Leicester. Discussion within the advisory panels and local epidemiological data helped to identify groups to be targeted and priority health issues to be addressed. Other issues covered during development included interface design, language translation and identification of accessible locations. A number of problems were addressed in establishing appropriate touchscreen facilities, mainly relating to producing information in an electronic format for multiple languages and populations not necessarily computer-literate. Three touchscreens, containing information on 10 health topics, translated into five languages are currently installed, one in each city. They are being rotated through a series of locations including a library, GP practice, and a temple. Their use, and satisfaction with use, is being evaluated over a 2-year period, by statistical analysis of computer logs and the collection of qualitative information by bi-lingual interviewers with users, over an 18-month period. Health information can be made available for ethnic minority groups even if they are unable to read their mother tongue. Touchscreens appear to be a suitable medium for achieving this. 相似文献
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Science for young children, and older ones as well, should be a blend of development of science content, science processes, and positive attitudes toward science. When educators stress development and learning in these three interrelated and complementary areas, children learn how to explore science as they develop skill in using science processes such as observing, communicating, predicting, and inferring.Jean Shaw is Associate Professor of Elementary Education at the University of Mississippi. Sally Blake teaches at Kentucky Wesleyan College. The late Mary Jo Cliatt taught at the University of Mississippi. 相似文献
997.
The development of digital technologies for the production, processing, dissemination and use of information is leading to the emergence of a new society based on a far reaching transformation in the relationship between people and institutions and on a radical change in many professional, economic, educational or cultural practices. The crucial question facing us today is whether our traditional societies are ready for such a shift in ways of thinking, communicating and acting. Are people sufficiently aware and adequately equipped to become citizens of this new information society? Are they prepared to be active, efficient and responsible participants in the new communities living on information exchange? Are we really ready to be part of a new culture based on a swifter and broader flow of information, ideas and knowledge? The development of that special culture, or infoculture, depends first and foremost on education, both general and vocational, and on initial and continuing training as well as on raising awareness among the public at large. Achieving a real infoculture calls for full-scale mobilization of all those who in their various ways are involved in the information society. Partnerships must be encouraged; national, regional or world projects must be given support; there is more than ever a need for a new form of solidarity to develop the infoculture. 相似文献
998.
Durand Jacques; Pages Jean-Pierre; Brenot Jean; Barny Marie-Helene 《Int. Journal of Public Opinion Research》1990,2(1):30-52
Some years ago, major French firms and institutions joined forcesto develop the AGORAMETRIE system, which analyzes and followsup public opinion about controversial matters in French society.The system is based on annual comprehensive surveys of representativesamples of the French population. We present here the theoreticalbasis of the system, and its application as a decoding toolto the analysis of specific social problems, by consideringthe following points: the modelling of public opinion througha constructivist approach; questionnaire design and interpretationof structural factors; evolution of public opinion, effectsof date, age and generation; and the graftingprocedure and its application, illustrated by opinion aboutAIDS. 相似文献
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