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111.
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Dr. Robert T. Blackburn Jeffery P. Bieber Janet H. Lawrence Lois Trautvetter 《Research in higher education》1991,32(4):385-413
Within the framework of cognitive motivation theory, selected personal and environmental motivational variables for faculty in eight liberal arts and science departments from community colleges, liberal arts colleges, comprehensive colleges and universities, and research universities were regressed against faculty allocation of work effort given to research, scholarship, and service. The data came from a 1988 national survey of faculty.Gender, (sociodemographic), quality of graduate school attended, career age, andrank (career); self-competence andself-efficacy regarding research, scholarship, and service andpercent time prefer to give to research, scholarship, and service (self-valuations); andinstitutional preference, consensus andsupport, andcolleague commitment to research, scholarship, and service (perception of the environment) were entered into regressions.R
2s were generally strong (.64 for liberal arts-I institutions) and significant. For all institutional types,self-valuation (self-competence and-efficacy) motivators significantly accounted for the explained variance.Sociodemographic andcareer variables did not explain appreciable amounts of variance. 相似文献
113.
Jeffery E. Olson DAIL 《Research in higher education》1994,35(5):549-567
Scholars disagree about the manner and extent of environmental structuring of university activities. This study supports arguments
that the environment highly structures the relationships between faculty and the academic products of undergraduate instruction,
graduate instruction, and research. Multiple correlation coefficients exceeded 90 percent for regressions of faculty size
on counts of undergraduate and graduate enrollments and published articles for all universities classified as Research I or
II or Doctoral I or II, demonstrating how constrained is doctoral faculty gross productivity in doctoral universities in the
United States. Possible institutional and technical constraints are discussed. The regressions reveal economies of scale and
economies of scope for some mixes of faculty academic activities, but not for others. Implications on productivity are explored
for university type, control, and science emphasis. A typology for productivity studies is also outlined. 相似文献
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Luis A. Huerta 《Peabody Journal of Education》2013,88(2):244-261
This article analyzes how macrolevel institutional forces persist and limit the expansion of decentralized schools that attempt to challenge normative definitions and practices of traditional school organizations. Using qualitative case study methodology, the analysis focuses on how one decentralized charter school navigated and reconciled its internal objectives linked to meeting the needs of a Latino, inner-city student population, with the institutional pressures and demands external to the organization. The findings suggest that decentralized school choice options which promise community-based participation and control are constrained by institutionalized rule-based demands that limit the expansion of alternative schooling models which may hold potential for promoting access, voice and equity for parents, students, and teachers. 相似文献
116.
Fuhui Tong Beverly J. Irby Rafael Lara-Alecio Cindy Guerrero Yinan Fan Margarita Huerta 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(12):2083-2109
This paper presents the findings from a randomized control trial study of reading/literacy-integrated science inquiry intervention after 1 year of implementation and the treatment effect on 5th-grade low-socio-economic African-American and Hispanic students’ achievement in science and English reading. A total of 94 treatment students and 194 comparison students from four randomized intermediate schools participated in the current project. The intervention consisted of ongoing professional development and specific instructional science lessons with inquiry-based learning, direct and explicit vocabulary instruction, and integration of reading and writing. Results suggested that (a) there was a significantly positive treatment effect as reflected in students' higher performance in district-wide curriculum-based tests of science and reading and standardized tests of science, reading, and English reading fluency; (b) males and females did not differ significantly from participating in science inquiry instruction; (c) African-American students had lower chance of sufficiently mastering the science concepts and achieving above the state standards when compared with Hispanic students across gender and condition, and (d) below-poverty African-American females are the most vulnerable group in science learning. Our study confirmed that even a modest amount of literacy integration in inquiry-based science instruction can promote students' science and reading achievement. Therefore, we call for more experimental research that focus on the quality of literacy-integrated science instruction from which middle grade students, particularly low-socio-economic status students, can benefit. 相似文献
117.
A novel microfluidic device enabling selective generation of droplets and encapsulation of targets is presented. Unlike conventional methods, the presented mechanism generates droplets with unique selectivity by utilizing a K-junction design. The K-junction is a modified version of the classic T-junction with an added leg that serves as the exit channel for waste. The dispersed phase fluid enters from one diagonal of the K and exits the other diagonal while the continuous phase travels in the straight leg of the K. The intersection forms an interface that allows the dispersed phase to be controllably injected through actuation of an elastomer membrane located above the inlet channel near the interface. We have characterized two critical components in controlling the droplet size-membrane actuation pressure and timing as well as identified the region of fluid in which the droplet will be formed. This scheme will have applications in fluid sampling processes and selective encapsulation of materials. Selective encapsulation of a single cell from the dispersed phase fluid is demonstrated as an example of functionality of this design. 相似文献
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Student Achievement and Education Policy in a Period of Rapid Expansion: Assessment Data Evidence From Cambodia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1