行政法中的合理原则与比例原则

行政裁量权的不断扩张和对行政裁量权控制的不断加强 ,构成了现代行政法发展的一个重要脉络。合理原则和比例原则就是两大法系各自发展起来的、实现对行政裁量权的有效控制的基本原则 ,它们使行政法从形式法治走向了实质法治     

谈化学创造性思维训练作业

布置作业是对学生实施创造性思维训练的一个重要组成部分 .本文从 4个方面阐述了化学创造性思维训练作业的设计特点 :趣味性和启发性、统觉性和挑战性、适应性和主动性、完整性和科学性 .     

论审美对象

古人认为，美就是味、滋味、意味，其主要的美学意义就在于将我们通常分离开来加以研究的美、美感、审美对象连成了一体；并且，味是主客体相互作用的结晶，它既不是客体本身，又不是主体本身。只有在审美活动中，相对于审美主体，才出现了审美对象；相对于审美对象，才出现了审美主体。于是，我们可以清晰地看出，审美对象具有“现量”性（当下生成性）、感应性、虚化性。     

论晚明小品的世俗性

除了形式上的篇幅短小和审美上的独抒性灵,世俗性是晚明小品的另一个重要特色。它主要表现在描写对象的广泛性,题材内容的生活化和语言的通俗化追求上。晚明文人在特殊的社会政治、文化思潮、经济环境影响下时代心态的变化导致其自身的世俗化,正是小品文具有世俗性的根本原因,同时,市民阶层也起到推波助澜的作用。     

棘腹蛙与棘侧蛙的外形区别及食物分析

于2000—2001年间，对榕江县计划乡的棘腹蛙和棘侧蛙进行了观察和研究，初步了解了二者之间的外形区别及其食物种类，食物对象主要以昆虫为主，涉及到昆虫纲的10个目、22个科，除此之外，部分节肢动物、环节动物、也是其食物对象。     

■型格区间值模糊子群

利用完备分配格L上的t-模T,引入格区间集合[L]上的t-模,在此基础上定义■型格区间值模糊子群等概念,研究它们的性质,给出了■型格区间值模糊子群和■型格区间值模糊正规子群的刻画。     

Social Exclusion and the Hidden Curriculum: The Schooling Experiences of Chinese Rural Migrant Children in an Urban Public School

Since 2001, the Chinese government had passed a series of policies known as ‘the two primary responsibilities’ to allow the rural migrant children to attend urban public schools. However, what the migrant children actually experienced in and after negotiating access to these schools deserves serious attention from educators, scholars and policymakers. Based on prolonged ethnographic fieldwork in a Beijing public school, this study demonstrated three key aspects of exclusions in migrant children’s schooling experiences, namely, (1) access to school, (2) in-class participations and (3) peer interactions, and examined the ‘hidden curriculum’ in the existing school practices that prevented migrant children from integrating successfully in the urban school settings. We found that academic performance lay at the root of social exclusions, but the local educators’ perceptions of migrant children as outsiders, the urban-oriented school curricular and urban children’s involvement (vis-à-vis migrant children’s little involvement) in the extracurricular activities at school as well as the paid supplementary trainings outside school together formed the ‘hidden curriculum’ that led to the marginalization of migrant students in the urban school system.     

Deal‐making and rule‐breaking: behind the façade of equity in academia

A glass ceiling for women still exists in academia after two decades of equal employment opportunity (EEO) legislation in Australia. There are complex factors that when combined make gender inequity in the higher education sector highly resistant to change. Using personal histories as a reflexive device, the paper makes explicit the embedded male patterns of behaviour in academia that operate beneath the façade of policies and rules put into place to counter inequity. In particular, the paper focuses on the cognitive dissonance individuals experience due to the disparity between formal organizational policies promoting equity, such as workload allocations, and perceptions of the unequal opportunities for women and men. Using social identity theory and the leader member exchange (LMX) framework, the daily experiences of three academic women are interpreted, the impediments to equality identified, and suggestions made for more fundamental change to gendered organizational structures within academia. The analysis of such behaviours shows that the traditional emphasis of EEO legislation on formal policies and procedures to bring about gender equity in academia needs to be accompanied by cultural change programs that make explicit and challenge behaviours that reproduce and reinforce male hegemony in academia.     

Defining the outcomes of teacher education: what's social justice got to do with it?

In the context of escalating criticism of university‐based teacher education across the world, a clear need exists for informed defence of the field and the profession as well as critical evaluation of both teacher education and schooling. This paper takes up the issue of the ‘outcomes question’ in this regard, arguing the case for a strong focus on social justice as the necessary complement to an ongoing concern with academic excellence and rigor. It argues the need for teacher educators and others to look closely at the different ways that educational outcomes are currently being defined and for these differences to be made more openly and widely available for criticism and discussion. The paper seeks to contribute to debate regarding the role and renewal of teacher education, in specific relation to widespread standards movements and the public good, and the conduct and governance of education more generally.