遗传算法在自动组卷应用中的分析与比较

针对遗传算法在自动组卷中的应用,总结了三种以遗传算法为基础的自动组卷解决方案,就遗传算法中的参数编码、初始群体的设定、适应度函数的设计等核心内容,进行了分析和比较,并提出结论。     

民国时期桂东北地区回族商业发展与民族经济融合

民国时期，随着桂东北地区城镇圩市经济的发展，回族商业也获得了较快的发展，主要表现在商业规模的扩大、商品结构的变化以及区域市场的拓展。一方面，桂东北地区城镇圩市的发展促进了回族商业的发展和经营理念的转变；另一方面，回族在自身商业获得发展的同时，也在一定程度上推动了城镇圩市经济的发展，增强了回族经济辐射的强度和力度，推动了桂东北地区民族经济融合的历史进程。     

思嘉与素芬形象之比较

《乱世佳人》和《一江春水向东流》是两部不同地域、不同文化氛围中孕育出的同题材影片。影片通过两位鲜明艺术形象的女主人公历经残酷的战争和曲折的爱情,鲜活地展示了两个伟大民族强大而又不同的民族精神,给观众以强烈的心灵震憾。     

Data and graph interpretation practices among preservice science teachers

The interpretation of data and construction and interpretation of graphs are central practices in science, which, according to recent reform documents, science and mathematics teachers are expected to foster in their classrooms. However, are (preservice) science teachers prepared to teach inquiry with the purpose of transforming and analyzing data, and interpreting graphical representations? That is, are preservice science teachers prepared to teach data analysis and graph interpretation practices that scientists use by default in their everyday work? The present study was designed to answer these and related questions. We investigated the responses of preservice elementary and secondary science teachers to data and graph interpretation tasks. Our investigation shows that, despite considerable preparation, and for many, despite bachelor of science degrees, preservice teachers do not enact the (“authentic”) practices that scientists routinely do when asked to interpret data or graphs. Detailed analyses are provided of what data and graph interpretation practices actually were enacted. We conclude that traditional schooling emphasizes particular beliefs in the mathematical nature of the universe that make it difficult for many individuals to deal with data possessing the random variation found in measurements of natural phenomena. The results suggest that preservice teachers need more experience in engaging in data and graph interpretation practices originating in activities that provide the degree of variation in and complexity of data present in realistic investigations. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 42: 1063–1088, 2005     

Visual Aids and the Enhancement of Communication in Africa

Educational visual aids and illustrations in African institutions are mostly imported from overseas, and the few local productions tend to be Western‐orientated in style. However, research on the technical and design elements of visual aids, their cultural implications and socio‐economic factors all point to considerable differences of perception and interpretation of visuals between African and Western students. The paper discusses these differences and considers their implications to designers and producers of learning materials for African students.     

The Catch Up Project: a reading intervention in Year 3 for Level 1 readers (Research Note)

The Catch Up Programme is a literacy intervention designed for children who are behind with reading at the start of Year 3 (7 to 8 year‐olds). This paper describes pilot research that informed the project in its early stages of development, and the findings should therefore be treated with caution. The reading progress of a sample of 74 Catch Up pupils from 15 schools in three local education authorities was measured. This showed a considerable increase in pupils’ reading ages across a 10 week period. A smaller experimental study was also carried out in nine Oxfordshire schools (48 pupils) to compare a Catch Up sub‐sample with a Matched Time group and a Control group. Findings showed that the Catch Up pupils made considerably more progress during the same period than both the other groups.     

Beginning readers' reading performance and reading habits

This study investigated the prospective relationships between reading performance and reading habits among Finnish children during the first and second grades of primary school. One hundred and ninety‐five children were examined twice during their first primary school year and once during the spring term of Grade 2. The results showed, first, that children's reading skills predicted their reading habits: the more competent in reading children were at the end of Grade 1, the more likely they were to engage in out‐of‐school reading one year later. Second, reading habits also predicted reading skills: the amount of out‐of‐school reading at the end of Grade 1 contributed to the development of word recognition skills.     

《楞严经》对黄庭坚的影响

黄庭坚禅学修养深厚,禅门流行的经典《楞严经》对他的影响相当深刻。从其诗文可以看出黄庭坚对《楞严经》相当了解和熟悉。《楞严经》对黄庭坚的影响可以具体到生活态度、心性修养、艺术观等几方面。