Evaluating the Comparability of Paper‐ and Computer‐Based Science Tests Across Sex and SES Subgroups

As access and reliance on technology continue to increase, so does the use of computerized testing for admissions, licensure/certification, and accountability exams. Nonetheless, full computer‐based test (CBT) implementation can be difficult due to limited resources. As a result, some testing programs offer both CBT and paper‐based test (PBT) administration formats. In such situations, evidence that scores obtained from different formats are comparable must be gathered. In this study, we illustrate how contemporary statistical methods can be used to provide evidence regarding the comparability of CBT and PBT scores at the total test score and item levels. Specifically, we looked at the invariance of test structure and item functioning across test administration mode across subgroups of students defined by SES and sex. Multiple replications of both confirmatory factor analysis and Rasch differential item functioning analyses were used to assess invariance at the factorial and item levels. Results revealed a unidimensional construct with moderate statistical support for strong factorial‐level invariance across SES subgroups, and moderate support of invariance across sex. Issues involved in applying these analyses to future evaluations of the comparability of scores from different versions of a test are discussed.     

Reflections on a post September 11 student‐led project: Teaching strategies that foster tolerance and emotional coping

Abstract

Sixteen preservice teachers participated in a service‐learning project to build tolerance in the community as a result of their desire to do something or to make a difference after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Student reflection papers revealed an increase in student tolerance and feelings of competence after participating in the project. Student‐led project work enabled students to direct their own learning, reflect on feelings about terrorism and tolerance, participate in collaborative relationships and make a contribution to campus and community life. Advocacy and mentoring are discussed as key teaching strategies for replicating project outcomes. © 2004 Published by Elsevier Inc.     

Looking for love in all the wrong places: Accessing sexual and reproductive health information via the Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature

The Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature has been described as a cultural barometer. It supports scholars of history and culture by providing access to ideas circulated via the mass media in earlier times, but its own coverage and indexing practices also reveal attitudes and values toward issues of the time. The Progressive Era (1900–1924) coincides with the founding and growth of the Readers' Guide. Examining how the Readers' Guide directed readers' attention to matters of sexual and reproductive health in its first quarter century demonstrates changes in social attitudes and has implications for scholarly work. The array of index terms required to locate information on this topic indicates both barriers to information access for contemporary readers as well as challenges for present-day scholars concerned with recovering information of the era.     

高校图书馆的组织重组研究

网络信息环境的日新月异、用户信息需求的不断增强以及各种管理理念的提出都深刻影响着图书馆的发展，给图书馆的发展带来了机遇与挑战。如何实行图书馆组织机构的有效重组，使图书馆更加适应新的发展环境，是目前图书馆业内人士探讨的一个热门话题。本文从全国60余家高校图书馆现行组织机构调研入手，分析了目前国内高校图书馆组织结构的现状，并对高校图书馆组织机构重组的原则、模式进行了探讨。     

对我国篮球理论研究现状的思考

本文运用文献资料、逻辑分析等研究方法, 就我国篮球理论研究的历史进行了简要的回顾与总结, 分析了我国篮球理论研究存在的不足, 提出了现阶段我国篮球理论研究亟待解决的问题, 以期我国篮球理论研究有新的突破     

基于统计-规则方法的网页层次分类技术研究

基于统计的自动分类是网页层次分类中常用的技术，但其有不足之处，主要表现为当子类之间出现严重的特征交叉现象时，分类精确率将大大下降。而网页层次分类的本质决定了同一大类下的子类存在许多相同的特征。针对这一局限性，结合基于规则的自动分类技术的优点，提出一种基于统计-规则方法的网页层次分类技术。实验表明，基于统计-规则方法的网页层次分类技术能够获得比较理想的分类效果。     

Imagery use in elite youth sport participants: reinforcing the applied significance of achievement goal theory

This study examined the motivational profiles of elite youth athletes to determine whether individual differences in goal orientation corresponded with differential levels of imagery use. Two hundred ninety male (n = 88) and female (n = 202) young athletes (M = 16.6 years, SD = 1.48) completed the Perceptions of Success Questionnaire (POSQ, Roberts, Treasure, & Balague, 1998) to assess dispositional goal orientations and the Sport Imagery Questionnaire (Hall, Mack, Paivio, & Hausenblas, 1998) to assess frequency and function of imagery use. A two-stage cluster analysis on the POSQ scores revealed a three-cluster solution with a multivariate analysis of variance indicating significant differences among cluster groups in imagery use. Athletes in Cluster 3 (higher task/higher ego) used significantly more imagery, regardless of the function than athletes in Cluster 1 (lower task/moderate ego) or Cluster 2 (moderate task/lower ego). These findings are discussed with reference to the role of achievement motivation in influencing young athletes' behavioral investments in mental strategies.     

基于开放课件的图书馆e-Learning服务研究

概述开放课件资源的起源、特征，深入分析其对e-Learning的支撑作用;结合 图书馆的发展现状与功能特征，阐明图书馆开展e-Learning服务的可行性，并从收集、 整合、组织开放课件资源，建设e-Learning门户，整合e-Learning服务与学科知识服务 等方面，探究图书馆利用开放课件资源提供e-Learning服务的措施。