Protective role of onion against acute alcoholic fatty liver

Rats were fasted for 8 hours and then fed 3 ml of 25% (v/v) ethanol per 100g body weight and subsequently sacrificed 18 hours later. The levels of triacylglycerols and total cholesterol were significantly raised in serum and liver of alcohol fed rats. However, when rats were fed on aqucous extract of onions (300 mg per 100g body weight) with 25% ethanol, no rise in serum and liver lipids was observed. Alcohol fed to the fats with or without onion extract had no effect on serum, AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase levels. The increase in serum urea in ethanol-fed rats was not altered in rats fed a mixture of alcohol and onion extracts. Values of liver MDA was lower in rats fed ethanol with or without onion extract compared to controls. Onion extract seemed to show a hypolipidemic effect in alcohol fed rats.     

Risk-taking in explanation of biological events

Risk-taking by biology students as they attempt to explain observed biological events was investigated. The dependent variable, risk-taking as measured by the Extremity-Confidence of Hypothesis Test and the Risk-Taking Verbal Observation Scale, was analyzed within 2 × 2 and 2 × 3 factorial designs. The independent variables consisted of two levels of achievement motivation and status of information, and three levels of group arrangement for discussion. The results indicate that verbal risk-taking is influenced by differential knowledge of the information and the composition of a discussion group based on the members' measured achievement motivation. No differences were noted in the comparison groups on risk-taking as measured by the Extremity-Confidence of Hypothesis Test. A significant, but low, positive correlation was found to exist between IQ and risk-taking in verbal discourse by individuals. Based on the results of this study, the suggestion that risk-taking is a multidimensional trait is supported, and the magnitude of its expression may be influenced by differential treatments.     

Two Preservice Teachers' Growth in Self-Efficacy While Teaching in an Inner-City School

Jillian and Mia, African-American preservice teachers, experienced culture shock when they student taught in an inner-city school. This was revealed by a qualitative analysis of 4 interviews, 12 written reflections, and 7 transcribed group discussions. Their self-efficacy grew stronger as they interacted with mentoring teachers and students and learned to cope with doubts about their abilities. As they worked through their conflicts, they changed the way they thought about teaching in the inner city and improved their personal and practical knowledge.     

From science teacher to ‘teacher scientist’: exploring the experiences of research-active science teachers in the UK

We explore the professional identities of UK-based secondary science teachers who actively participated in science research for at least six months. The study uses thematic analysis to analyse semi-structured interviews with 17 participants across England and Scotland, from a variety of educational/socio-economic contexts. We found that through participation in research projects, teachers develop a multi-faceted sense of professional identity that includes the roles of teacher, scientist/researcher, mentor and coach. Teachers who are research-active develop complex professional networks that have a positive impact upon their sense of professional worth and self-belief. Through participation in research, teachers identified as both science teachers and scientists and this has been encapsulated in this research as a transition in professional identity to ‘teacher scientist’. The key enabling factor in identification as a ‘teacher scientist’ is a teacher’s positive interaction with scientists/researchers. Teachers are motivated to participate in research projects in response to the enthusiasm of their students and a desire for students to contribute to research that could provide solutions to real-world challenges. This understanding of the capacity of science teachers to become ‘teacher scientists’, and recognising teachers' altruistic motivations, could contribute to teacher retention and recruitment strategies that are less focused on financial incentives.     

一致的温柔

要玩温柔游戏了.先设计好各自的动作。不要商量噢!游戏目的1.逐步加深孩子对温柔一词的理解。2.全家温柔品格的塑造和日常生活的实践。3.增进亲子感情,促进家庭和谐。     

College student drug usage in a state system as a function of type of institution

Over 4,500 students from 28 universities, colleges, and junior colleges constituting a state system of higher education were compared on extent of drug use. At least two of the three pairs of groups differed on reported usage of six of the substances, with the largest differences being between universities and junior colleges on alcohol and marihuana. A discriminant analysis showed that the nine items formed two differentiating dimensions—Alcohol Usage and Hallucinogen/LSD Usage—in separating the groups. Despite the statistical significance, the differences in terms of actual numbers of users were small. Inferences of the results are discussed.