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101.
The preservice training of primary teachers is an opportunity to provide positive experiences which may ameliorate students'
anxiety about science and science teaching, and enhance their beliefs that they may become effective science teachers. The
previous and current science related experiences, and beliefs, of an intake of primary teachers participating in an introductory
science content subject, were explored. Matter and energy concepts were major content components of the subject. Data were
collected from pre- and post-test administrations of psychometric tests designed to measure students' science teaching self-efficacy,
science related attitudes, interest in science teaching, and preferred learning environment. A randomly selected sample of
students was interviewed at the commencement and finish of the subject. One third of the sample was assigned to a study group
in which a constructivist approach to laboratorys sessions was adopted. The remainder of the sample experienced a more traditional
transmissive format in laboratory sessions. Analysis of the quantitative data revealed no group differences in self-efficacy.
Interesting contrasts between students evident in the data from the interviews facilitated the articulation of tentative assertions
about the causative factors that may influence the development of students' sense of self-efficacy and possible science related
anxiety.
Specialisations: science teacher education, conceptual change, scientific reasoning.
Specialisations: science teacher education, conceptual change, scientific reasoning. 相似文献
102.
Kelsey L. West Nina B. Leezenbaum Jessie B. Northrup Jana M. Iverson 《Child development》2019,90(3):e356-e372
In typical development, walk onset is accompanied by increased language growth (e.g., Walle & Campos, 2014). The present study explored whether this relation may be disrupted in the infant siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; heightened risk of receiving an ASD diagnosis; HR), a population exhibiting substantial variability in motor and language development (e.g., Gamliel, Yirmiya, & Sigman, 2007; Landa & Garrett-Mayer, 2006). Receptive and expressive language were examined across the transition to walking in three groups of HR infants (no diagnosis, language delay, and ASD; N = 91, 8–18 months) and in infants with no family history of ASD (N = 25; 9–15 months). Only infants with an eventual ASD diagnosis did not show increased language growth following walk onset. 相似文献
103.
Caroline Koh Oon Seng Tan C. K. John Wang Jessie Ee Woon Chia Liu 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2007,8(1):89-99
The benefits of cooperative learning strategies, such as group project work, have been advocated in a wide range of educational
contexts. There is however, scant information on the outcome of such programs on students of low academic ability. In this
study, interviews were conducted with four groups of low-ability students, with the aim of investigating their perceptions
on the effectiveness of group project work in promoting their social and cognitive skills. Our findings show that although
the students recognized that the program improved their competence in interacting with others, there are problematic organizational
and instructional issues that have to be ironed out before students can profit fully from cooperative learning programs. 相似文献
104.
Jessie De Naeghel Hilde Van Keer Maarten Vansteenkiste Leen Haerens Nathalie Aelterman 《The Journal of educational research》2016,109(3):232-252
Responding to the declining trend in reading motivation in and beyond the elementary school years, the authors aimed to enhance late-elementary school students' autonomous reading motivation. Toward this end, the authors evaluated the influence of a teacher professional development grounded in self-determination theory on fifth-grade students' (n = 664) autonomous motivation for in-school and leisure-time reading. A quasi-experimental repeated measures design was set up with experimental and control conditions. The experimental condition consisted of teachers participating in a professional development workshop aimed at providing the knowledge and skills necessary to implement an autonomy-supportive and structuring teaching style, whereas the control condition included teachers who continued with their current teaching repertoire. Multilevel piece-wise growth analyses corroborated that students in the experimental group reported increased recreational autonomous reading motivation from pretest to posttest relative to the control group. Additional analyses made clear that boys in particular benefitted from their teachers' professional development. 相似文献
105.
Michael E. Young Jessie J. Peissig Edward A. Wasserman Irving Biederman 《Learning & behavior》2001,29(2):97-106
We explored how changes in the depiction of the surface features of a simple volume (a geon) affected the pigeon’s recognition performance. Pigeons were trained to make a different keypeck response to each of four computer-rendered single-geon objects. In Experiment 1, the pigeons were tested with images of the original stimuli in which the light source was shifted from its original position, as well as with silhouettes and line drawings of these objects. All three types of stimulus variations resulted in marked drops in performance: above chance for silhouettes and light-change stimuli, but at chance for line drawings. In Experiment 2, the pigeons were tested with images of the original stimuli in which the contrast levels were either increased or decreased. These transformations resulted in very small drops in performance (except for the complete absence of contrast-a silhouette). These results indicated that the pigeons attended to the shape of the outside contour of an object and to the relative brightness of an object’s surface contours. 相似文献
106.
This article reports an investigation of the intuitive scientific ideas and understandings of 321 preservice elementary teacher education students enrolled in the 2nd year of a 3-year program. The sample completed a physical science concept challenge instrument by responding, in writing, to open-ended questions about the concepts of floating/sinking, the nature of matter, air pressure and its effects, and the balance beam. Subjects' responses and explanations were analyzed, and response categories established. The results reveal that the majority of subjects, with the exception of a high proportion of those who had a successful senior high school background in physics and chemistry, have misunderstandings in these basic concept areas. It is argued that teachers should have a sound conceptual knowledge base in order to implement effective problem-solving strategies in the elementary science classroom. The importance of teaching science in elementary schools is widely acknowledged, therefore, teacher educators must identify and implement more effective strategies for science instruction in preservice teacher education courses that will enable all students to construct scientifically accurate concept knowledge. 相似文献
107.
108.
This introductory paper provides the background to the Cape Town Statement on Characteristic Elements of a Lifelong Learning Higher Education Institution that appears in this Journal. It describes the journey of a network of adult educators and academics from the North, South, East and West through contested terrain from Hamburg, to Paris, Mumbai and Cape Town in 2000. At a conference held in Cape Town in October 2000, the delegates concluded that there were six essential characteristics of a higher education lifelong learning institution. This paper reviews the essential elements of these characteristics and comments on the journey of their development. 相似文献
109.
Jessie C. K. Yum David Kember Irene Siaw 《International Journal of Lifelong Education》2013,32(4):303-317
A characteristic shared by the majority of adult students is that they are undertaking part‐time study. For these adult learners one of the major difficulties is how to find time for their study. This paper reports the coping mechanisms that part‐time adult students adopt to meet the additional demands that study puts on their existing commitments to work, family and social lives. Data were collected from 53 part‐time students in eight universities in Hong Kong through semi‐structured interviews. A model featuring three coping mechanisms (sacrifice, support and negotiation of arrangements) within four domains (self, work, family and social life) was used for the analysis. Whether or not these coping mechanisms are operationalized to a sufficient extent can have a significant impact upon the students' progress with their courses. The analytical grid provides a framework for counselling and advising adult learners. Part‐time adult students can also use the model to evaluate their own situations and determine which coping mechanisms will work for them to deal with time management issues. 相似文献
110.
Joseph Ireland James J. Watters J. Lunn Brownlee Mandy Lupton 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(10):1733-1750
Learning science through the process of inquiry is advocated in curriculum documents across many jurisdictions. However, a number of studies suggest that teachers struggle to help students engage in inquiry practices. This is not surprising as many teachers of science have not engaged in scientific inquiry and possibly hold naïve ideas about what constitutes scientific inquiry. This study investigates teachers' self-reported approaches to teaching science through inquiry. Phenomenographic interviews undertaken with 20 elementary teachers revealed teachers identified six approaches to teaching for inquiry, clustered within three categories. These approaches were categorized as Free and Illustrated Inquiries as part of an Experience-centered category, Solution and Method Inquiries as part of a Problem-centered category, and Topic and Chaperoned Inquiries as part of a Question-centered category. This study contributes to our theoretical understanding of how teachers approach Inquiry Teaching and suggests fertile areas of future research into this valued and influential phenomenon broadly known as ‘Inquiry Teaching'. 相似文献