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991.
Ada?K.?H.?Pak Alice?Cheng-laiEmail author Ivy?F.?Tso Hua?Shu Wenling?Li Richard?C.?Anderson 《Reading and writing》2005,18(5):437-454
This study investigated the development of visual chunking skills in the processing of Chinese characters among Hong Kong
pupils. One-hundred-seventy-nine primary school students from first, second and fourth grades were administered a character
copying task. Children as young as 6 years of age were aware of character units and were able to apply visual chunking strategies
when processing characters. Children in higher grades performed better than those in lower grades on every character type,
and the types of errors they made revealed that their chunking level was higher than that of younger children. Differences
between ability groups emerged in second grade and vanished in fourth grade, suggesting that children with a lower reading
ability are slower to develop advanced chunking skills. 相似文献
992.
993.
This study explored the influence of residency status (outsider) and prior cross-cultural experiences on how the neighborhoods
of students are perceived by future teachers. The study participants consisted of 18 graduate teacher education mentors and
their 18 high school mentees. The data sources included 820 black and white photographs and 82 photo captions generated by
the study participants, mentee/mentor group discussions, and the graduate students’ weekly reflective journals, bi-weekly
facilitated discussions and peer debriefings. The study found that subconscious realities based on prior cross-cultural experiences
(or the lack thereof) are more significant factors than residency status when making value judgment about the neighborhoods
of “others.”
Elinor L. Brown is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Curriculum and Instruction, University of Kentucky, 311 Dickey
Hall, Lexington, KY 40506-0017 相似文献
994.
995.
This paper analyzes ethical aspects of the new paradigm of Ambient Intelligence, which is a combination of Ubiquitous Computing
and Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI’s). After an introduction to the approach, two key ethical dimensions will be analyzed:
freedom and privacy. It is argued that Ambient Intelligence, though often designed to enhance freedom and control, has the
potential to limit freedom and autonomy as well. Ambient Intelligence also harbors great privacy risks, and these are explored
as well. 相似文献
996.
This paper addresses the marketing approaches adopted by Knowledge-Intensive Business Services (KIBS) companies, whose main production factor and outcome is knowledge. Given the key role that client-provider cognitive interactions play in the provision of such services, the study adopts the conceptual framework of Service-Dominant (S-D) logic, that the recent literature considers being fully in line with the core characteristics of KIBS companies. Starting from the assumption that service is the fundamental basis of any economic exchange, this logic suggests a shift from the traditional ‘market to’ approach, which has been developed for tangible goods, to a ‘market with’ approach, where customers and providers collaborate along the whole marketing process. The research was carried out by means of a multiple case study of 20 small computer services companies in Italy, and aimed to understand if (and to what extent) the marketing initiatives of such companies are consistent with the S-D logic, and to discuss the major challenges that they have to face in order to follow the new logic. 相似文献
997.
Ljiljana?Kolonja Ranka?Stankovi?Email author Ivan?Obradovi? Olivera?Kitanovi? Aleksandar?Cvjeti? 《知识管理研究与实践》2016,14(4):445-456
In this paper we outline an approach to application of ontology in knowledge management. The University of Belgrade Faculty of Mining and Geology research team has developed a terminological resource to support knowledge management in mining engineering. Mining engineering, like all other engineering disciplines, needs comprehensive, consistent and standardized definitions of terms for efficient knowledge management and interoperability among various related IT applications. This goal can best be reached by terminological resources in electronic form organized as thesauruses or ontologies. The resource used to illustrate this approach, RudOnto, is a system of ontologies developed for mining engineering and their application in mining equipment and mine safety domains. Key benefits of applying ontologies in knowledge management, aside from securing interoperability, are enhancement of browsing/searching functions, and reuse and structuring capabilities. Through export to several specific formats, RudOnto ontologies offer the possibility of generating stand-alone terminological resources or ontologies in specific sub-fields, such as mining equipment, mine safety and geostatistics. 相似文献
998.
This editorial paper outlines key directions for knowledge management research and practice. The editorial team presents the results from a small survey of academics and practitioners about the present and future of knowledge management, and the editors include their own informed views on how this journal can help promote scholarly inquiry in the field. 相似文献
999.
Objective: To analyze the effectiveness and safety of corneal relaxing incisions (CRI) in correcting keratometric astigmatism during cataract surgery. Methods: A prospective study of two groups: control group and treatment group. A treatment group included 25 eyes of 25 patients who had combined clear corneal phacoemulsification, IOL implantation and CRI. A control group included 25 eyes of 25 patients who had clear corneal phacoemulsification and IOL implantation.Postoperative keratometric astigmatism was measured at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months. Results: CRI significantly decreased keratometric astigmatism in patients with preexisting astigmatism compared with astigmatic changes in the control group. In eyes with CRI, the mean keratometric astigmatism was 0.29±0.17 D (range 0 to 0.5 D) at 1 week, 0.41±0.21 D (range 0 to 0.82 D) at 1 month, respectively reduced by 2.42 D and 2.30 D at 1 week and 1 month postoperatively (P=0.000, P=0.000), and postoperative astigmatism was stable until 6 months follow-up. The keratometric astigmatism of all patients decreased to less than 1.00 D postoperatively. Conclusions: CRI is a practical, simple, safe and effective method to reduce preexisting astigmatism during cataract surgery. A modified nomogram is proposed. The long-term effect of CRI should be investigated. 相似文献
1000.
In order to investigate what issues might be important for experimental training research, a group of experienced remedial
teachers was asked to evaluate the potential effectiveness of various spelling exercises. After addressing some general questions
about spelling exercises for Dutch poor spellers, they made rankings of several sets of exercises on the basis of the expected
effectiveness. The teachers had to give their responses based on their own experiences and with a specific child with poor
spelling in mind. The results show that the teachers emphasize the importance of providing rules in spelling exercises, but
also agree that poor spellers often have serious difficulties in applying these rules in spelling. Furthermore, the rankings
show that exercises with a combination of rule-based strategies and showing the whole orthographic pattern of the word are
considered to be most effective. Learning to memorize the word without showing the spelling of the word was considered to
be the least effective. Surprisingly, individual characteristics of the children did not seem to have any influence on the
ranking of the exercises. It is concluded that exploiting the experience and knowledge of teachers may be good, but is only
the first step for further research on the effectiveness of exercises for poor spellers. 相似文献