Tech Prep is a federal education initiative funded by the Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Technical Education Act initially authorized in 1990 then reauthorized in 1998. Texas HB 2401 subsequently established the parameters for the operation of Tech Prep in Texas. Texas has 26 regional consortia that coordinate the delivery of services between secondary school districts and two-year colleges under the leadership of consortium directors. The research reported in this paper examined the effectiveness of these consortia based upon an opinion survey administered to Texas Tech Prep consortia directors, community college technical administrators, and secondary technical program directors. 相似文献
In this study, we explored the extent to which Australian, Chinese, and Korean middle school students perceived themselves to have scientific literacy as global citizens and attempted to identify differences and/or commonalities in their perceptions. A total of 655 middle school students (8th and 9th grades; 358 girls and 297 boys) from the three countries participated in the study. We used Global Scientific Literacy Questionnaires (GSLQ) as a survey instrument to assess the students’ perceptions. The GSLQ was developed based on a conceptual framework of Scientific Literacy suggested by Choi, Kim, Lee, Mun, Choi, Krajcik & Shin (2011) and Choi, Lee, Shin, Kim & Krajcik (Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 48(6), 670–697, 2011) for citizenship education in the 21st century. The results indicated that most of the students from the three countries showed a tendency toward higher scores for Science as human endeavor; the lowest scores were in Meta-cognition and self-direction. A pattern of gender difference was also examined among the three countries. We suggest future research questions based on a cross-cultural perspective in order to explore the reasons for the existence of these similarities and differences.
Blog feed search aims to identify a blog feed of recurring interest to users on a given topic. A blog feed, the retrieval
unit for blog feed search, comprises blog posts of diverse topics. This topical diversity of blog feeds often causes performance
deterioration of blog feed search. To alleviate the problem, this paper proposes several approaches based on passage retrieval,
widely regarded as effective to handle topical diversity at document level in ad-hoc retrieval. We define the global and local
evidence for blog feed search, which correspond to the document-level and passage-level evidence for passage retrieval, respectively,
and investigate their influence on blog feed search, in terms of both initial retrieval and pseudo-relevance feedback. For
initial retrieval, we propose a retrieval framework to integrate global evidence with local evidence. For pseudo-relevance
feedback, we gather feedback information from the local evidence of the top K ranked blog feeds to capture diverse and accurate information related to a given topic. Experimental results show that our
approaches using local evidence consistently and significantly outperform traditional ones. 相似文献
According to the life cycle model of technological evolution, after the emergence of a dominant design, technological product industries undergo an “era of incremental change.” This era of incremental change is not well understood in the existing literature. Although the period is typically characterized in terms of stability and minimal innovation, we find that the era of incremental change can be actually quite dynamic. Through our research into the period of time following the emergence of a dominant design in automotive emission control systems, we find that the overall product innovation in the industry did not decline immediately following the dominant design, and increased throughout the era of incremental change. Further, we find that firms maintain their attention on the same core components that they innovated upon before the dominant design, but that these components make up less of the overall proportion of total innovation throughout the era of incremental change. Finally, we found that the concentration of innovating firms in the industry increases immediately following the dominant design, and this concentration decreases over time throughout the era of incremental change. Findings imply a pattern of contraction and expansion in the era of incremental change that extends previous work on the technological product life cycles and helps to characterize the era of incremental change in a novel way. 相似文献
The authors exposed a non-equilibrium dynamic counterion and coion analyte concentration to an AC electric field to selectively concentrate peptides at the poles of a cation-selective granule. The counterion polarization results from the focusing of the electric field show a discontinuous drop in the intra-granule counterion electromigration flux at the pole. The coion concentration polarization is due to the combined external convective and electromigration fluxes toward the pole that neutralize the accumulating counterions. Because the electromigration mobility of the peptide anion analyte depends on the pH, the authors determined a 20 000-fold high concentration factor for a near-neutral pH of 6.0 to 7.7. Because the peptide is protonated at the acidic pole and its absolute charge ranges from −0.3 to −1.9, the concentration factor scales exponentially with the absolute charge, thus allowing extremely selective concentrations of various peptides, which is demonstrated by fluorescein isothiocyanate tagged angiotensin I (pI ∼ 5.8) and Texas red tagged avidin (pI ∼ 10.5). This dynamic concentration effect can substantially enhance the sensitivity of bio-assays. 相似文献
Abstract In this study, we examined thermoregulatory responses to ingestion of separate aliquots of drinks at different temperatures during low-intensity exercise in conditions of moderate heat stress. Eight men cycled at 50% (s = 3) of their peak oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O2peak) for 90 min (dry bulb temperature: 25.3°C, s = 0.5; relative humidity: 60%, s = 5). Four 400-ml aliquots of flavoured water at 10°C (cold), 37°C (warm) or 50°C (hot) were ingested after 30, 45, 60, and 75 min of exercise. Immediately after the 90 min of exercise, participants cycled at 95%[Vdot]O2peak to exhaustion to assess exercise capacity. There were no differences between trials in rectal temperature at the end of the 90 min of exercise (cold: 38.11°C, s = 0.30; warm: 38.10°C, s = 0.33; hot: 38.21°C, s = 0.30; P = 0.765). Mean skin temperature between 30 and 90 min tended to be influenced by drink temperature (cold: 34.49°C, s = 0.64; warm: 34.53°C, s = 0.69; hot: 34.71°C, s = 0.48; P = 0.091). Mean heart rate from 30 to 90 min was higher in the hot trial (129 beats · min?1, s = 7; P < 0.05) than on the cold (124 beats · min?1, s = 9) and warm trials (126 beats · min?1, s = 8). Ratings of thermal sensation were higher on the hot trial than on the cold trial at 35 and 50 min (P < 0.05). Exercise capacity was similar between trials (P = 0.963). The heat load and debt induced by periodic drinking resulted in similar body temperatures during low-intensity exercise in conditions of moderate heat stress due to appropriate thermoregulatory reflexes. 相似文献
Abstract The purpose of this study was to test the validity of the games for understanding model by comparing it to a technique approach to instruction and a control group. The technique method focused primarily on skill instruction where the skill taught initially was incorporated into a game at the end of each lesson. The games for understanding approach emphasized developing tactical awareness and decision making in small game situations. Two physical education specialists taught field hockey using these approaches for 15 lessons (45 min each). The control group did not receive any field hockey instruction. Data were collected from 71 middle school children. Pretests and posttests were administered for hockey knowledge, skill, and game performance. Separate analyses of variance or analyses of covariance were conducted to examine group differences for cognitive and skill outcomes. The games for understanding group scored significantly higher on passing decision making than the technique and control groups during posttest game play and significantly higher than the control group for declarative and procedural knowledge. The games for understanding group scored significantly higher on control and passing execution than the other groups during posttest game play. For hockey skill, there were no significant differences among the treatment groups for accuracy, but the technique group recorded faster times than the control group on the posttest. 相似文献
Abstract In this study, we examined participants' responses to motivational asynchronous music by isolating rhythmical properties and exploring personality correlates. Fifty-eight physically active participants (41 men and 17 women) aged 22.3 ± 6.4 years performed an isometric weight-holding task on three occasions while being randomly exposed to no music, rhythm and motivational music. The rhythm and music conditions were edited portions of the same musical selection and had identical fast tempi, although the rhythm condition contained no melody, harmonies or lyrics. Participants each completed a copy of Cattell's 16PF following the third and final trial. A repeated-measures analysis of variance found the participants held the weight suspended for significantly longer when listening to motivational music in comparison to rhythm or no music. When listening to rhythm, participants endured the task for significantly longer than when listening to no music. The response to music was found to be significantly related to liveliness, while sensitivity correlated with responses to music factors (harmony, melody, lyrics, etc.) not present in the rhythm condition. These results suggest that responses to motivational music are subtle in nature and are determined by both musical factors and individual characteristics, and potentially an interaction between the two. 相似文献
Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to study the effect of swimming on the learning and performance of two complex gross motor skills. Forty college men were matched on the basis of a pre-test and formed into experimental and control groups. The experimental group learned the two selected skills in addition to swimming, whereas the control group learned only the selected skills. Two scoring systems were used, and findings indicated no significant difference between groups. 相似文献
Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine relative timing, relative distance, and effector independence characteristics of the triple jump. We videotaped expert and novice triple jumpers using standing and running starts. On some trials, the triple jumpers were required to take off from their nondominant leg. Gentner's (1987) interaction test was used to assess the proportional duration model in describing the timing of the component submovements. For both experts and novices, the proportional durations varied with the type of start. For experts, the relative timing of the jump components was independent of the take-off leg. The findings were mixed for the novices. Similar results were obtained when relative distance was examined. These results are discussed with respect to constructs related to variability in skilled performance. 相似文献