农村留守儿童问题研究:现状与前瞻

近年来，农村留守儿童问题已逐渐成为媒体和学术界关注的焦点。然而，目前的研究无论理论上还是实践中均显不足。本文梳理了不同学科在这一问题上的研究成果，揭示尚待研究的问题域。     

基于创客教育的机械制造与自动化专业课程体系研究

武汉软件工程职业学院智能制造教研室基于创客教育,进行专业调研,构建机机械制造与自动化专业的双创人才培养标准,研究专创融合的课程体系,设置创新创业基础教育、创新创业提升教育、创新创业孵化教育3个课程阶段,将工作任务分为机械设计创新、机械零件创业、机器人创新、虚拟建模创新和自动化应用创新5个方向建立创新团队,以创业项目形式为载体,培养专业教育与创新创业融合的双创性专业人才.     

Localized Representation of Formative Assessment in China: A Regional Study from a Sociocultural Perspective

Formative assessment originated and developed in a Western context. With its function of learning improvement being evidenced in research, formative assessment has been adopted in assessment initiatives in multiple contexts including that of China. Research, however, reveals that formative assessment as implemented in Chinese contexts is by no means equivalent to what is understood and implemented in the West; rather, in many cases, it is decontextualised and recontextualised, or culturally appropriated. This paper presents findings of a study which examined the culturally appropriated representation of formative assessment within eight universities in a mid-western province of China. Senior administrators in each university were interviewed face-to-face and individually to fulfill three purposes: (1) To clarify understandings of formative assessment in the area of college English education; (2) To explore the existing gap between formative assessment principles and their representation in College English Curriculum Requirements (CECR), and the gap between formative assessment initiatives at the national level and local contexts; and (3) To distill implications for policy-borrowing and effective implementation in the Chinese context.     

技术知识的跨领域应用及潜在技术方案的识别

[目的/意义]针对企业实施技术创新战略时所面临的技术发展趋势不明朗、技术瓶颈难以突破的问题,提出一种跨领域寻找潜在技术方案的研究方法,引导企业利用跨领域研究方法解决复杂技术问题,保证技术创新的顺利进行。[方法/过程]以知识在技术领域间的流动为切入点,引入语义TRIZ中的知识发现理论,将专利摘要中抽取的SAO结构分别与P&S主题、技术领域进行匹配,绘制技术地图,描述技术知识跨领域应用现状,识别潜在技术方案。[结果/结论]以3D生物打印技术为例进行的实证分析表明,随着技术的不断发展,技术问题和技术方案的种类不断增加,技术问题在追加技术领域中的分布较为分散,而技术方案在主要技术领域中的分布更为集中。识别出的潜在技术方案具有一定的合理性和可靠性,可为企业技术创新活动的顺利进行提供更为清晰的指导和决策支持。     

存在智慧与精神诗歌--论刘苏诗歌的意义

刘苏及其诗歌都是由生命唯灵论运作而建立起来的作为人灵的痛苦世界.刘苏的诗歌意义基于生命时间的深处和精神空间的至高点,穿行于无限的起点和终点而将精神诗歌写作提升到为一种本质的宇宙意义上的人道主义精神,坚定地在诗歌的本质语言的方向上持存这种精神.     

‘Social Skills’: Following a Travelling Concept from American Academic Discourse to Contemporary Danish Welfare Institutions

The article traces the origin and development of the concept of social skills in first and foremost American academic discourse. As soon as the concept of social skills was coined, the concern for people lacking such skills started and has been on the increase ever since (now sharing public attention with related concepts such as self-control, emotional intelligence and empathy). After the analysis of the academic history of the concept follows an examination of the implementation of a range of assessment instruments and training programmes related to social skills (and lack hereof) in contemporary Danish welfare institutions (more specifically, day nurseries and schools, employment and penal services). The analysis forwarded in the article thus demonstrates how an intellectual idea may develop and travel - and on its journey connect to pre-existing cultural logics and societal concerns. The idea of social skills has through its development been made uncontroversial – everybody wants to be skilful. The concept does, however, convey an individualistic view on social life and imposes a reflexivity over own performance on the participants. Further, its normative character contributes to a problematization of those who are perceived to lack these skills.     

Breaking up is hard to do: the resilience of the rock group as an organizational form for creating music

Though there is a long tradition of band members quitting the group or taking a hiatus, the rock group as an organization to produce music continues to be both popular and economically viable. The research question addressed in this paper is whether or not it is a good idea to quit or take a hiatus from the group. We begin with a discussion of the framework for understanding why groups are formed and why they may be difficult to keep together. We then discuss differences between groups in the decade of the 1960s versus today. We argue that there is something unique about the output of the group even with the changes in the structure of contracts, compensation, and consumer focus on the artist that explain the resilience of the rock band as an organizational form within which to create music. We compare the charting success of bands that have members leave the group with the charting success of the members who left the group. We identified the groups in five representative years: 1965, 1975, 1985, 1995, and 2005. We then analyzed the entire Billboard Hot 100 charting careers of those groups and the artists who quit those groups. Our main finding is that when charting success is divided equally among members, going solo pays off—there is a clear economic rationale because solo acts have greater average charting success than the original bands they started in. The other ensuing side projects: duos, collaborations, and other groups are not as lucrative as the original bands. These findings are valid for members of charting groups from each of the 5 years examined. Despite the difficulties in keeping a rock band together, there are fewer band breakups today and remaining with the group generally results in a longer and more productive charting career. Thus, the rock group remains an important organization for producing contemporary music. However, there remains a compelling incentive to go solo. Superstars may benefit from solo projects, but for the average, non-superstar group member, in many circumstances it is better for the band to stay together if the income is divided equally.     

The impacts of fundraising periods and geographic distance on financing music production via crowdfunding in Brazil

We conduct an analysis of 1835 pledges to 10 music production projects hosted on the largest Brazilian crowdfunding platform, namely the Catarse Web site, and we assess the relation between the fundraising accumulation period, the donor–entrepreneur distance and the propensity of donors to back projects. Our results suggest a significantly negative association between distance and the value of capital pledged to projects, which is consistent with the notion that the entrepreneur’s network of close contacts might play a central role in funding. Furthermore, our results contradict the idea that crowdfunding reduces the inhibiting effect of donor–entrepreneur distance. In addition, the results show that a long project exposure is associated with higher values of pledges. These results suggest practical implications for the study of crowdfunding as a financing platform. This study contributes to the literature on the use of crowdfunding as an alternative funding source in a major emerging market.     

Does the long tail really favor small publishers?

A growing body of literature is devoted to testing the reality of the “long-tail” phenomenon. This literature is mostly, if not exclusively, focused on the impact of Internet on the distribution of sales by product. However, the long tail also raises the issue of a possible change in the usual market structure of cultural industries: an oligopoly with a competitive fringe. To our knowledge, no paper addresses the following question: If the long-tail effect does exist, is it of more benefit to small or dominant publishers? The aim of this paper was to address this issue in the context of the French publishing industry. Our main findings are as follows: (1) the market concentration of the French book industry is lower online than offline and (2) the difference in concentration between the two channels of distribution tended to widen over the period 2004–2010. Strategies adopted by leading publishers on the Web do not allow them to maintain the market share obtained with bricks-and-mortar retailers. Furthermore, we show that the market share lost by dominant firms is captured by small publishers online and by medium-sized publishers in conventional stores.