全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3919篇 |
免费 | 26篇 |
专业分类
教育 | 2763篇 |
科学研究 | 569篇 |
各国文化 | 9篇 |
体育 | 223篇 |
综合类 | 8篇 |
文化理论 | 75篇 |
信息传播 | 298篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 22篇 |
2021年 | 40篇 |
2020年 | 54篇 |
2019年 | 73篇 |
2018年 | 129篇 |
2017年 | 165篇 |
2016年 | 221篇 |
2015年 | 151篇 |
2014年 | 96篇 |
2013年 | 282篇 |
2012年 | 193篇 |
2011年 | 200篇 |
2010年 | 106篇 |
2009年 | 61篇 |
2008年 | 91篇 |
2007年 | 75篇 |
2006年 | 61篇 |
2005年 | 700篇 |
2004年 | 486篇 |
2003年 | 316篇 |
2002年 | 146篇 |
2001年 | 71篇 |
2000年 | 35篇 |
1999年 | 33篇 |
1998年 | 9篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 12篇 |
1995年 | 13篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 12篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 9篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3945条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
901.
Sigrun K. Ertesv?g P?l Roland Grete S?rensen Vaaland Svein St?rksen Jarmund Veland 《Journal of Educational Change》2010,11(4):323-344
The Respect program is a whole school approach to prevent and reduce problem behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate
which conditions in schools helped them to continue the program successfully after the end of the 1-year implementation period.
The study also looked at the actual continuation after the program end. Especially, we looked at which strategies and structures
promoted change beyond the implementation phase. The project groups at four Norwegian schools implementing the program were
interviewed at the end of the implementation period and again 2? years later. The main findings suggest that involvement in
the Respect program enables schools to implement change. However, it is challenging for the schools to continue the work afterwards.
The one school that successfully continued the work after the program was characterized by strong and supportive leadership,
leadership at many levels, they made plans and saw them through, renewed activities and new members of staff were introduced
to and included in the work according to the program principles. These elements were more or less lacking at the other three
schools, at least after the active program period. A main finding is that a 1-year program period is not long enough for most
schools to implement and continue an extensive whole school program like Respect. 相似文献
902.
Three experiments tested human participants on a two-dimensional, computer, landmark-based search task to assess the integration
of independently acquired spatial and temporal relationships. Experiment 1 showed that A-B spatial training followed by B-outcome
spatial training resulted in spatial integration in such a way that A was effectively associated with the outcome. Experiment
2 showed that A-B spatial and temporal training followed by B-outcome spatial and temporal training resulted in integration
that created both spatial and temporal relationships between A and the outcome. Experiment 3 refuted an alternative explanation,
one that is based on decision-making speed, to the temporal-integration strategy that was suggested by Experiment 2. These
results replicate in humans the observations regarding spatial integration made by Sawa, Leising, and Blaisdell (2005) using
a spatial-search task with pigeons, and they extend those observations to temporal integration. 相似文献
903.
The predictability of Internet-specific epistemic beliefs for self-regulated learning within Internet technologies was examined
in a sample of 84 physics undergraduates. Dimensions of Internet-specific epistemic beliefs were found to explain unique variance
in Internet-based search, help-seeking, and self-regulatory strategies, respectively. Specifically, students who emphasized
that course-related knowledge located on the Internet consisted of specific facts and details perceived Internet-search and
evaluation of search results to be less problematic and reported on more help-seeking and use of self-regulatory strategies
during Internet-based learning. Moreover, students believing that Internet-based knowledge claims need to be checked against
other sources, reason, and prior knowledge were reportedly more likely to use self-regulatory strategies when using the Internet
during coursework. The results are discussed in light of what characterizes the Internet as a knowledge source. 相似文献
904.
Voices of home and school on democracy and human rights education at the primary level: a case study
The purpose of this research was to investigate the perceptions of home and school concerning ideally implemented primary
democracy and human rights education. In this qualitative study, data were collected from six voluntary classroom teachers
and 16 parents in a selected school through interviews. The results of the interview yielded five major themes: physical and
environmental issues, instructional process, teacher characteristics, assessment practices, and communication patterns for
teaching democracy and human rights ideally. Most of the participants also indicated the lack of partnership between home
and school. The results showed that there are gaps between the existing and desired conditions of democracy and human rights
education in schools. 相似文献
905.
The conflict between science and religion: a discussion on the possibilities for settlement 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In his article Skepticism, truth as coherence, and construtivist epistemology: grounds for resolving the discord between science and religion?, John Staver identifies what he considers to be the source of the conflicts between science and religion: the establishment of the relationship between truth and knowledge, from the perspective of those who see a correspondence between reality and knowledge, assumed in the realm of both contending fields. In the present work, although agreeing with the general principles of constructivism, I discuss Staver’s option of viewing truth as coherence and his proposal of renouncing the objective of knowing reality from both fields’ perspective. Three aspects of Staver’s article are commented and discussed here: the one referring to views of reality or of nature as shared by scientists; the one concerning the different forms of religious beliefs among scientists; and the one accounting for the impossibility, from the standpoint of constructivism, of determining limits to the objectives of science and religion. Also emphasized in this discussion is the importance of combining theoretical and methodological approaches in tune with the complexity of the theme under discussion, accounting for the need to preserve the freedom of thinking and of doing research. 相似文献
906.
907.
Maguire S Mann M John N Ellaway B Sibert JR Kemp AM;Welsh Child Protection Systematic Review Group 《Child abuse & neglect》2006,30(7):739-751
BACKGROUND: There is a diagnostic dilemma when a child presents with rib fractures after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) where child abuse is suspected as the cause of collapse. We have performed a systematic review to establish the evidence base for the following questions: (i) Does cardiopulmonary resuscitation cause rib fractures in children? (ii) If so, what are the frequency and characteristics of these fractures that may help to distinguish them from rib fractures caused by physical abuse? METHODS: We performed a literature search of original articles, references, textbooks, and conference abstracts, published in any language from 1950 to 1 October 2005. Articles were identified from ASSIA, Caredata, Medline, Ovid Medline in Process, ChildData, CINAHL, Embase, ISI Proceedings, SIGLE, Science Citation Index, Social Science Citation Index, and TRIP databases. We included all studies that addressed rib fractures and CPR in children less than 18 years, and excluded review articles, expert opinion, consensus guidelines, and studies that were significantly methodologically flawed on critical appraisal. Each study underwent two independent reviews (with a third review if there was disagreement). Each reviewer used standardized criteria for study definition, data extraction, and critical appraisal, to determine the quality of the study and to establish if it met the inclusion criteria of this systematic review. FINDINGS: Of the 427 studies reviewed, 6 were included: 1 case control, 4 cross-sectional, and 1 case series. These represent data on 923 children who underwent CPR. Three children sustained rib fractures as a result of resuscitation; all three of these had fractures that were anterior (two mid-clavicular and one costo-chondral). We did not find any child in the literature who had a posterior rib fracture due to CPR. Resuscitation was performed variably by both medical and non-medical personnel. CONCLUSION: Rib fractures after cardiopulmonary resuscitation are rare. When they do occur, they are anterior and may be multiple. As the studies performed to date did not use the most sensitive techniques for detecting rib fractures, further prospective studies of children would be valuable to provide additional clarification on this question. 相似文献
908.
Spontaneous alternating behavior (SAB), the tendency of an organism to successively turn left and right in a maze, is a standard
metric of short-term memory in developmental and pyschopharmacological studies. Although SAB is perhaps the most phylogenetically
widespread behavior in motile lifeforms, conflicting data on SAB exist for several sets of closely related taxa. For example,
previous studies provide contradictory evidence concerning the existence of spontaneous alternation behavior in the protozoanParamecium. However, these studies tested different species, using very different experimental designs. Using a single, factorial design
for both previously tested species,P. multimicronucleatum andP. caudatum, we found that, in fact, the two species do not differ in their alternation behavior; specifically, they alternate in mazes
with short tracks, but not in mazes with long tracks. These results are in accord with alternation studies on other taxa,
and they fully resolve the apparent contradictions in the earlier studies onParamecium. They also indicate that caution should be used in interpreting variable results across species tested with different experimental
designs and suggest that, in at least some taxa, SAB may not be strictly dependent on the use of short-term memory. 相似文献
909.
We introduce fast filtering methods for content-based music retrieval problems, where the music is modeled as sets of points
in the Euclidean plane, formed by the (on-set time, pitch) pairs. The filters exploit a precomputed index for the database,
and run in time dependent on the query length and intermediate output sizes of the filters, being almost independent of the
database size. With a quadratic size index, the filters are provably lossless for general point sets of this kind. In the
context of music, the search space can be narrowed down, which enables the use of a linear sized index for effective and efficient
lossless filtering. For the checking phase, which dominates the overall running time, we exploit previously designed algorithms
suitable for local checking. In our experiments on a music database, our best filter-based methods performed several orders
of a magnitude faster than the previously designed solutions. 相似文献
910.
Simone J.J.M.Verswijveren Karen E.Lamb Josep A.Martín-Fernández Elisabeth Winkler Rebecca M.Leech Anna Timperio Jo Salmon Robin M.Daly Ester Cerin David W.Dunstan Rohan M.Telford Richard D.Telford Lisa S.Olive Nicola D.Ridgers 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2022,11(2):234-243
Purpose:The study aimed to describe youth time-use compositions,focusing on time spent in shorter and longer bouts of sedentary behavior and physical activity(PA),and to examine associations of these time-use compositions with cardiometabolic biomarkers.Methods:Accelerometer and cardiometabolic biomarker data from 2 Australian studies involving youths 7-13 years old were pooled(complete cases with accelerometry and adiposity marker data,n=782).A 9-component time-use composition was formed using compositional data analysis:time in shorter and longer bouts of sedentary behavior;time in shorter and longer bouts of light-,moderate-,or vigorous-intensity PA;and"other time"(i.e.,non-wear/sleep).Shorter and longer bouts of sedentary time were defined as<5 min and>5 min,respectively.Shorter bouts of light-,moderate-,and vigorous-intensity PA were defined as<1 min;longer bouts were defined as≥1 min.Regression models examined associations between overall time-use composition and cardiometabolic biomarkers.Then,associations were derived between ratios of longer activity patterns relative to shorter activity patterns,and of each intensity level relative to the other intensity levels and"other time",and cardiometabolic biomarkers.Results:Confounder-adjusted models showed that the overall time-use composition was associated with adiposity,blood pressure,lipids,and the summary score.Specifically,more time in longer bouts of light-intensity PA relative to shorter bouts of light-intensity PA was significantly associated with greater body mass index z-score(zBMI)(β=1.79;SE=0.68)and waist circumference(β=18.35,SE=4.78).When each activity intensity was considered relative to all higher intensities and"other time",more time in light-and vigorous-intensity PA,and less time in sedentary behavior and moderate-intensity PA,were associated with lower waist circumference.Conclusion:Accumulating PA,particularly light-intensity PA,in frequent short bursts may be more beneficial for limiting adiposity compared to accumulating the same amount of PA at these intensities in longer bouts. 相似文献