Goals and achievement orientations of anglo and mexican-american adolescents in sport and the classroom

The purpose of this study was to analyze the definitions of success and failure (achievement goals) and preferred means to goal attainment (achievement orientations) among male and female Anglo and Mexican-American high school students I athletes in sport and the classroom. Based on a recent conceptualization of achievement motivation, it was assumed that definitions of success and failure could be equated to personal characteristics, behaviors, or outcomes and reflect an emphasis on either effort or ability. Further, it was assumed that there are two major achievement orientations: In one, the means to goal attainment entail social comparison; in the second, goal attainment is processed according to mastery criteria. Results revealed cultural and sex differences in athletic goals. Anglo males were more likely to define sport success in terms of ability while Anglo females and Mexican-American athletes tended to equate athletic success to the demonstration of effort. The reverse was true for sport failure—Anglo males emphasized low effort while the other groups stressed low ability. Variations in preferred achievement orientations were also revealed. For example, in the athletic setting, females showed the least preference for sport success which reflected on the individual and involved social comparison. Males indicated the least preference for individual-oriented, social comparison-based athletic failure.     

Visual presentations to parents

Visual presentations to parents are useful in building positive pathways to home and school communication. Parental concerns and demands are prevalent and persistent. Parents are expressing loud and clear their desire to be involved.Rose Merenda has taught four and five year olds for twenty years and recently received a grant to study parental communication. Joan Bloom, first grade encourages parental participation in her classroom. Ann J. DiOrio directs the Growing Child School in Narragansett, R.I. All are Assistant Professors at the Henry Barnard Laboratory School, Rhode Island College.     

A Minority View on Testing

Benevolent intentions do not always yield benevolent consequences. Describing the effects of testing on minorities as often detrimental, the authors challenge the measurement community to take greater responsibility for the use of its wares.