Acquiring Clinical Knowledge from an Online Video Platform: A Randomized Controlled Experiment on the Relevance of Integrating Anatomical Information and Clinical Practice

Basic subjects in medical education, such as anatomy, are often taught through teaching formats that do not always sufficiently demonstrate the relevance of this basic information for clinical practice. Accordingly, it is a recent trend in anatomy education to link anatomical information more explicitly to clinical practice. This article presents an online video platform (Tuebingen’s Sectio Chirurgica [TSC]) as one means of explicitly integrating preclinical anatomical knowledge and clinical application. The purpose of the study presented here was to examine the effects of videos through which medical students were educated about Anterior Cruciate Ligament reconstruction. A TSC video about this surgical procedure was compared to a video with a traditional lecture providing the identical information. Participants (n = 114) perceived the TSC video to be superior in comprehensibility of the presentation (P = 0.003) and conceivability of the surgical procedure (P = 0.027), and to be more entertaining (P < 0.001). Moreover, participants in the TSC condition acquired more clinical knowledge than in the lecture condition (P = 0.043) but did not differ in their acquisition of anatomical knowledge. Mediation analyses indicated that the effect on the acquisition of clinical knowledge was mediated by comprehensibility, conceivability, and entertainment. These findings are discussed regarding their implications for medical education in terms of contributing to the general trend of linking preclinical anatomical knowledge to clinical application. A discussion about the limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are also provided.     

高等学校“运动项目游戏化”研究

在现代教学中,体育课程教学发生了深刻的变化。许多高等院校将"运动项目游戏化"植入于体育教学中,打破了传统体育课程教学的沉闷局面,激发了学生们体育学习的兴趣,提高他们的主动性与积极性。文章阐述了运动项目游戏化涵义,探讨了高等学校如何进行"运动项目游戏化",分析了"运动项目游戏化"在教学中的作用,有利于提高体育教学的质量,培养学生的思考与创新能力。     

论随意殴打中未致人死亡共犯的刑事责任

在二人以上随意殴打他人并致人重伤、死亡的案件中,经常出现重伤、死亡的结果仅仅为其中某一个或某几个犯罪行为人所为的现象。对实施致人重伤、死亡行为的犯罪行为人,可以依想象竞合犯理论以故意伤害罪或故意杀人罪定罪处罚。对未实施致人重伤、死亡行为的犯罪行为人,应根据各犯罪行为人有无犯意联络,是否形成I临时共同故意、故意内容是否包含伤害、杀人,各犯罪人的行为与重伤、死亡后果之间是否存在相当的因果关系,或以故意伤害或者故意杀人罪共犯定罪处罚,或以寻衅滋事罪处断。     

Using students’ feedback for teacher education: measurement invariance across pre-service teacher-rated and student-rated aspects of quality of teaching

Comparing self-perceived quality of teaching to students’ perception can be used in higher education to improve the quality of teaching of pre-service teachers in teacher education. However, comparing these measurements from different perspectives is only meaningful if the same constructs are being measured. To shed light on this comparison’s meaningfulness, we scrutinised whether aspects of quality of teaching are measured in the same way across pre-service teachers and their students by means of measurement invariance analyses. To do so, 272 pre-service teachers in teacher education rated aspects of their quality of teaching, and were rated by their 4851 students. Measurement invariance across these perspectives was tested in multilevel structural equation models. Strong measurement invariance held for two aspects of quality of teaching; for the third, one item lacked weak measurement invariance. Pre-service teachers perceived their quality of teaching lower than their students. In conclusion, aspects of quality of teaching can be compared across perspectives, and teacher education should encourage pre-service teachers to use students’ feedback as a valuable resource for improving their quality of teaching.     

Large-scale multiferroic complex oxide epitaxy with magnetically switched polarization enabled by solution processing

Complex oxides with tunable structures have many fascinating properties, though high-quality complex oxide epitaxy with precisely controlled composition is still out of reach. Here we have successfully developed solution-based single-crystalline epitaxy for multiferroic (1-x)BiTi_(1-y)/2Fe_yMg_(1-y)/2O₃–(x)CaTiO₃ (BTFM–CTO) solid solution in large area, confirming its ferroelectricity at the atomic scale with strong spontaneous polarization. Careful compositional tuning leads to a bulk magnetization of 0.07 ± 0.035 μ_B/Fe at room temperature, enabling magnetically induced polarization switching exhibiting a large magnetoelectric coefficient of 2.7–3.0 × 10⁻⁷ s/m. This work demonstrates the great potential of solution processing in large-scale complex oxide epitaxy and establishes novel room-temperature magnetoelectric coupling in epitaxial BTFM–CTO film, making it possible to explore a much wider space of composition, phase, and structure that can be easily scaled up for industrial applications.     

Leg amputation side determines performance in curve sprinting: a case study on a Paralympic medalist

The lower limb kinetics of curve sprinting in amputees are not well described in the literature, particularly with respect to the effect of the side of amputation. This is an issue due to the importance of the knowledge for prosthetic design and classification of athletes. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of side of amputation on curve sprinting performance in athletes with a unilateral leg amputation. A three-dimensional motion analysis system (Vicon), four force plates (Kistler) and a modified mathematical human model (ALASKA) were used to compare clockwise and counter clockwise curve sprinting lower limb kinematics and kinetics of a Paralympic medalist with a left-sided knee exarticular amputation. Results reveal that vertical ground reaction force application and total vertical impulse were lower when the affected limb was at the inside of the curve. The unaffected limb showed joint mechanics different to those established for non-amputee athletes and might contribute better to propulsion when being the inside limb. Curve sprinting biomechanics and the ability to attain high radial velocities are directly dependent on the side of amputation relative to the curve direction in a unilateral amputee athlete of highest performance level.     

析徽州水口园林的现代特征

徽州水口园林是中国古典园林中的一支奇葩。具有自然性、生态性、公共性三大现代特征。     

全面建设小康社会的能源合理利用与CO2减排

与世界发达国家的比较,可以发现中国能源消费结构以煤为主,CO2排放总量大但人均量小,单位能耗的CO2排放指标偏高.21世纪头20年是中国全面建设小康社会的关键时期,在人口将继续增长、能耗规模继续增大、以煤为主的能源结构难以根本改变的情况下,如何实现CO2减排,是对中国的严峻挑战.借鉴发达国家的经验教训,该文提出优化产业结构,不断提高新技术产业和第三产业的比例;改善能源结构,提高水电、核能、太阳能及生物能等清洁能源比例;引进和开发能源环保技术,提高能源利用效率;以法律、政策和经济手段,促进能源合理利用和削减CO2的排放量的设想和对策.     

因特网环境下英语学习效果研究

随着信息技术的高速发展,因特网为英语学习创造出全新的学习环境,如何提高学习效果成为关注的焦点.本研究以自主性学习理论为基础,结合运用美国DynEd教学软件的实践,用描述统计方法分析投入时间、离线时间、学习方法和学习内容对学习效果带来的影响,阐述自主性学习与学习效果的内在联系.     

Respect in Education

This article discusses the educational significance of the moral demand for respect. In Ethics and Education, Richard Peters presents a conception of educational respect that was recently taken up by Krassimir Stojanov. This article responds to both Peters' and Stojanov's contributions and proposes another understanding of educational respect: to respect children is to treat them in a way that enables them to see themselves as persons endowed with dignity; that is, as having the equal standing to make claims on others.