建党九十年来中国共产党与国家政权关系的演变及启示

建党九十年来,根据执政主体不同,中国共产党与国家政权关系的历史演进大致经历了三个阶段,即北洋政府时期的反叛与革命,国民党政府时期的对抗、合作与替代,新中国成立后的执掌国家政权。回顾这一发展历程,可以得出的重要启示是：中国共产党有资格有能力担当领导国家政权这一重任是准确把握党与国家政权关系的重要前提,而正确处理党政关系是完善党的领导和促进国家政权健康发展的关键所在。     

双语词典文化限定词的处理——以《福建方言字典》为例

在语言接触中,各种语言都从英语中吸收了大量词语,英语也从各种语言中吸收了大量词语.由于各民族自身的文化印记,在双语词典编纂过程中,会收录许多文化负载词.本文将选取英国传教士兼语言学家麦都思的《福建方言字典》一书中所收录的具有中国文化特色的词汇为例子,分析麦都思如何翻译这些文化限定词.     

罗丹在20世纪中国文学中的影响

罗丹是最早被介绍到中国的西方现代艺术家,他已经成为中国现代文化和文学中的重要因子,渗透到中国作家和文学创作之中.中国作家把罗丹当作精神的偶像,在文学作品中把他描绘成圣人、伟人和艺术之神.罗丹的<思想者>已成为中国现代文学中"思想者"形象的原型,罗丹的自然主义美学观与20世纪中国现实主义美学相融合,已成为中国现代美学思想的重要元素.     

Parents' involvement in adolescents' schooling: a multidimensional conceptualisation and mediational model

This study examined the impact of parental involvement on adolescents' academic achievement in Korean families. The major strengths of the current research are the study of multiple dimensions of parental involvement, the longitudinal design and the consideration of mediating variables. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the direct and indirect effects of parental involvement on students' academic achievement using data from a nationally representative sample of middle school students from the Korea Youth Panel Survey. Results indicated: (1) parental involvement dimensions positively influenced achievement through its effects on student self‐concept and locus of control; and (2) parents' increased participation in involvement practices (monitoring, educational expectation and affection) increases students' self‐concept and locus of control.     

Implicit attitudes toward children may be unrelated to child abuse risk

Objective

To explore whether adults possess implicit attitudes toward children and whether those attitudes are especially negative among respondents who are high in child physical abuse (CPA) risk.

Methods

The present study used an implicit evaluative priming procedure. In this procedure, participants were instructed to make decisions about the evaluative implications of target words. These words were preceded by photographs of child faces or adult faces displaying positive, neutral, or negative expressions. Reaction times for the evaluative decisions were used as an index of the extent to which photos invoked negative or positive evaluative reactions.

Results

Results from 2 studies, the first conducted on a student sample (N = 90) and the second on a parent sample (N = 95), demonstrated that evaluative congruence between the facial expressions displayed in photographs and the target words facilitated responses. Furthermore, the results suggested that regardless of CPA risk, child faces, relative to adult faces, facilitated responses to negative target words, suggesting an out-group bias. This implicit out-group bias was not moderated by respondents’ CPA risk status.

Conclusions

Faces of children, relative to faces of adults, appear to activate negative information structures that facilitate evaluative decisions of negative stimuli, suggesting an out-group bias. Given that out-group biases typically lead to less favorable treatment of out-group members, additional research is needed to examine the pervasiveness of negative evaluative biases towards children and the potential implications of such biases on children's lives. Further, research examining whether high CPA risk parents and low CPA risk parents differ in how they manage initial negative evaluative reactions is needed.     

新一轮农村中小学布局调整的成效与问题分析——基于广西的调查与思考

新一轮农村中小学布局调整工作经过近十年的推行,其成效可概括为两"改善"两"提高",即改善了农村学校的办学设施条件,改善了师资队伍状况,提高了学校规模效益,提高了教育教学质量.与此同时,这轮农村中小学布局调整也存在诸多问题,具体表现在两"加重"两"不足",即农民的经济负担有所加重,学校和教师的管教压力有所加重,教育经费的投入不足,教育资源的利用不足.为克服农村中小学布局调整工作出现新的问题,确保农村教育健康和可持续性地发展,必须坚持"以人为本,促进公平"的农村学校布局调整新思路,进一步加大对农村中小学教育的投资力度,妥善处理"撤点并校"带来的"上学难"和校产流失问题,切实搞好农村寄宿制学校的建设和管理.     

学习风格量表(Learnin Sgtyle Qsuestionnaire)的效度研究

以Learning Styles Questionnaire在国内的使用进行效度研究为目的,在全国范围内选取了304个样本进行测验,问卷回收后利用SPSS15.0和VB6.0对数据进行统计分析,测验量表在中国使用的信度和效度。其结果为:内部一致性系数为r=0.766,复本信度为0.943、0.543、0.695、0.673,效标效度系数为0.626。研究结果表明Learning Styles Questionnaire在国内使用信度和效度尚可以接受,但有待于进一步提高。     

藏文翻译在传播佛教文化过程中的地位和作用

藏文翻译在传播外来知识,尤其是佛教文化,以及构建具有高原特色的藏族文化方面,发挥了桥梁和纽带作用.藏文翻译为祖国文化增加了许多新元素,丰富了语言和词汇,推动了语法及文体的变化,促进了文学发展.     

西北回族地区宗教对学校教育的影响研究

西北回族地区宗教对学校教育有着负面影响与正面影响.负面影响主要体现在清真寺教育与学校教育的生源之争、经费之争上.正面影响主要在于清真寺教育还保留着少数民族传统教育的主要内容,对伊斯兰文化的传承和道德教育符合民族地区的需要.影响儿童入寺学习的原因是多方面的,主要包括清真寺的条件因素、儿童的主观因素以及社会文化环境因素.为减少宗教对少数民族地区学校教育的负面影响,政府应在清真寺管理和学校教育方面采取相应的对策.