A biomechanical investigation of right-forward lunging step among badminton players

This study presents the kinematics and plantar pressure characteristics of eight elite national-level badminton athletes and eight recreational college-level badminton players while performing a right-forward lunge movement in a laboratory-simulated badminton court. The hypothesis was that recreational players would be significantly different from elite players in kinematics and plantar pressure measures. Vicon^® motion capture and Novel^® insole plantar pressure measurement were simultaneously taken to record the lower extremity kinematics and foot loading during stance. Recreational players showed significantly higher peak pressure in the lateral forefoot (P = 0.002) and force time integral in the lateral forefoot (P = 0.013) and other toes (P = 0.005). Elite athletes showed higher peak pressure in the medial forefoot (P = 0.003), hallux (P = 0.037) and force time integral in the medial forefoot (P = 0.009). The difference in landing techniques for the lunge step between elite athletes and recreational players was observed with peak ankle eversion (?38.2°±2.4° for athletes and ?11.1°±3.9° for players, P = 0.015); smaller knee range of motion in the coronal and transverse planes, with differences in peak knee adduction (28.9°±6.8° for athletes and 15.7°±6.2° for players, P = 0.031); peak knee internal rotation (20.3°±1.3° for athletes and 11.8°±3.2° for players, P = 0.029) and peak hip flexion (77.3°±4.1° for athletes and 91.3°±9.3° for players, P = 0.037).     

The Piratical Ethos in Streams of Language

This article conducts a discourse analysis related to intellectual property gathered from digital piracy communities. By conducting a quantitative analysis of qualitative data, it renders an account of the piratical subject by exploring what Andersson Schwarz calls “specimens of reasoning” concerning intellectual property and piracy. Varying attitudes toward intellectual property are produced from the data. The outputs of this analysis challenge mainstream articulations of piratical motivations, drawing attention to the complex and often contradictory attitudes that pirates evince with respect to intellectual property. Attention is paid to attitudes that convey support of and resistance to intellectual property on technological, social, and economic grounds.     

Creating the Potential for Organizational Learning Through Interactive Simulation Debriefing Sessions

High‐end and high‐cost technologies such as interactive simulation are increasingly being applied to government operations such as police, emergency management, SWAT, and fire fighter training to maintain readiness and improve performance. The simulation experience, when combined with after‐training debriefing sessions, creates the potential for organizational learning. This research reports findings from field observations of debriefing sessions following organizational operations in interactive simulation systems. The findings focus on the relationship of different debriefing session techniques to identification of potential organizational learning opportunities.     

“想”多快，时间就多慢

正我们的宇宙是从"无"到"有"的,宇宙不可能凭空存在。"无"宇宙状态和"有"宇宙状态是宇宙的两种相互独立而又相互纠缠的存在形式。从理论上讲,"无"状态为虚量子场状态,"有"状态为实量子场状态。量子场是量子所存在的空间,