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181.
Chayna J. Davis Valerie S. Knopik Richard K. Olson Sally J. Wadsworth John C. DeFries 《Annals of dyslexia》2001,51(1):231-247
The present study assesses the genetic and environmental etiologies of reading, rapid naming (RN), and their covariation by
fitting multivariate structural equation models to data from 587 twin pairs in which at least one member of the pair exhibited
reading difficulties (low-range) and from 360 control (normal-range) twin pairs who were tested in the Colorado Learning Disabilities
Research Center. Results from a bivariate phenotypic analysis with two hypothesized latent factors, READ and RN, indicated
that the correlation between reading and rapid naming performance for the low-range sample was significantly higher than that
of the normal-range sample. When this model was partitioned to include estimates of genetic, shared environmental, and nonshared
environmental influences, resulting heritability estimates did not differ significantly for the low-range and normal-range
samples for either READ or RN. However, similar to the phenotypic correlation, the genetic correlation between the READ and
RN latent factors could not be equated for the two groups. Thus, the etiology of the relationship between reading performance
and rapid naming may differ for children with reading difficulties and normally-achieving readers. Moreover, these results
support previous findings that the best predictors of reading skills may differ for samples of children with normal reading
levels and those with reading difficulties. 相似文献
182.
Bullying is grounded in the interactions between an individual and complex social–ecological systems. Therefore, bullying involvement is not just confined to the classroom or school. Recent research suggests that sibling aggression may be a predictor for peer-level aggression. These findings may be more relevant for students with disabilities because studies suggest that students with disabilities are disproportionately involved in the bullying dynamic. Therefore, this study explored the intersection between sibling aggression and school belonging on bullying, victimisation and fighting for 14,508 students, including 1183 students with disabilities and 13,325 students without disabilities in grades 6 through 12. As hypothesised, students with disabilities reported higher levels of victimisation, bullying and fighting. Additionally, high levels of school belonging partially buffered fighting and bullying behaviours for students with and without disabilities. These findings demonstrate the importance of establishing an inclusive and safe environment for school-aged youth. 相似文献
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The paper describes the design and use of a studio system which arose out of the need to give demonstrations of experimental procedures to practical classes of up to 150 students. Since the requirements could be specified in some detail it was possible to use novel methods of working which turned out to be very efficient and economical. 相似文献
185.
Christine B. McCormick Joel R. Levin Frank Cykowski Paula Danilovics 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1984,32(3):145-152
One hundred and sixty college students read three fictitious biographical passages according to either imagery-mnemonic or
no-strategy control instructions. In one mnemonic condition, subjects formed separate images involving each biographical name
and its associated facts: in another mnemonic condition, the biographical name and its associated facts were integrated within
a single composite image. Relative to an interference-control condition, integrated mnemonic subjects recalled more factual
information, whereas separate mnemonic subjects did not. In addition, the recall of integrated mnemonic subjects was statistically
no different from that of a noninterference control condition, whereas the recall of separate mnemonic subjects was lower.
Both theoretical and educational implications of the results are discussed.
The first author’s contribution to this work was supported by an Organized Research Grant from the Graduate School of Illinois
State University. The second author’s contribution was supported by the National Institute of Education under Grant No. NIE-G-81-0009
to the Wisconsin Center for Education Research and was facilitated by a Romnes Faculty Fellowship from the Graduate School
of the University of Wisconsin, Madison. 相似文献
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Lorenza B. Fontana 《教育政策杂志》2019,34(3):351-373
ABSTRACTPolicy initiatives that seek to account for ethno-cultural differences in education and schooling have become increasingly popular over the past few decades. These include affirmative action measures and bilingual education models. The rationale for the implementation of these policies focuses on their potential to rectify historical discrimination by both levelling horizontal inequalities and granting equal value to different cultures and languages in the schooling process. In this framework, however, ethnic communities are often treated as discrete and static social aggregates, and social heterogeneity and spillover effects between groups are disregarded. This paper draws on empirical case studies from Colombia and Peru to show how identity policies of education can increase inter-ethnic competition, leading to protracted social conflicts. These outcomes, beyond negatively impacting local communities, raise important dilemmas surrounding the theoretical and operational foundations of these popular policy measures. 相似文献