Adaptive terminal sliding mode control for high-order nonlinear dynamic systems

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＣｏｎｓｉｄｅｒａｂｌｅａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｈａｓｂｅｅｎｆｏｃｕｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｏｆｕｎｃｅｒｔａｉｎｄｙｎａｍｉｃａｌｎｏｎ ｌｉｎｅａｒｓｙｓｔｅｍｓｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｔｏｅｘｔｅｒｎａｌｄｉｓｔｕｒｂａ     

蒙古族中古英雄史诗社会文化背景分析

在蒙古族中古时期．部族间的割据混战、封建制度的不断深化、蒙汉文化交流与中原农耕文化的渗透以及萨满教的延续和佛教的传播等社会文化原因所致，其时的英雄史诗具有与远古英雄史诗明显不同的时代特色。诸如，主题中渗透着封建等级制的特征和萨满教与佛教的斗争；原有人物形象分化成汗和臣属两个等级之外，还增加了许多新形象；使用魔法和妖术布阵等母题的引入使其情节结构变得十分丰富和复杂。     

传承民间音乐文化，开发音乐教育的新课程资源

现代音乐教育有责任充分开发与利用民间音乐文化中的乡土资源，设计好传承民间文化的音乐课程，引导学生认识民间音乐文化存在的价值以及传承家乡乡土文化的意识。文章介绍了利用民间音乐文化中的乡土资源，开发音乐教育新课程资源的具体流程，以及开发与利用乡土音乐课程资源具有的重要意义。     

The Similarities and Differences between the Goals of Bilingual Education in China and the United States

This paper studies the similarities and differences between the goals of bilingual education in China and the United States. China and the U. S. have similar purposes in providing bilingual education to language minorities at the elementary-secondary school level. The Americans use bilingual education as a remedy, but most Chinese treat it as a tool for tangible interests. American colleges and universities provide monolingual instruction only, but their Chinese counterparts are promoting bilingual instruction today. Many have considered American bilingual education a failure. The validity of China＇s collegiate bilingual instruction is under debating. More research work must be done before we learn how bilingual education may be efficiently and effectively provided to different groups with various educational needs.     

组织中的心理契约

组织中的心理契约是联系员工与组织之间的心理纽带 ,也是影响员工行为和态度的重要因素。近年来在管理领域中对心理契约的研究出现了新的高潮。新一代的研究者对定量研究予以更多重视 ,研究主要沿着两条主线展开 :心理契约的内容构成 ;心理契约的动态发展过程。研究结果对于在组织中形成良好的雇佣关系、完善人力资源战略、制定薪酬福利政策、改进招聘及培训手段均有指导意义。     

ICT and educational (dis)advantage: families,computers and contemporary social and educational inequalities

Because access to new technologies is unequally distributed, there has been considerable debate about the growing gap between the so‐called information‐rich and information‐poor. Such concerns have led to high‐profile information technology policy initiatives in many countries. In Australia, in an attempt to ‘redress the balance between the information rich and poor’ by providing ‘equal access to the World Wide Web’ (Virtual Communities, 2002 Virtual Communities (2002) About us. Available online at: http://www.virtualcommunities. com.au (accessed 18 August 2002)  [Google Scholar]), the Australian Council of Trade Unions, Virtual Communities (a computer/software distributor) and Primus (an Internet provider) in late 1999 formed an alliance to offer relatively inexpensive computer and Internet access to union members in order to make ‘technology affordable for all Australians’ (Virtual Communities, 2002 Virtual Communities (2002) About us. Available online at: http://www.virtualcommunities. com.au (accessed 18 August 2002)  [Google Scholar]). In this paper, we examine four families, one of which had long‐term Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) access, and three of which took advantage of the Virtual Communities offer to get home computer and Internet access for the first time. We examine their engagement with ICT and suggest that previously disadvantaged family members are not particularly advantaged by their access to ICT.     

保险系统的一个损失分布模型的推广

献从理赔费是损失费的减扣出发，给出了损失费的所有概率分布，但只对保险人数是一般变量的情形进行了研究，该将保险人数视为随机变量，给出了损失费的分布。并计算了平均损失费及其方差，更具实用性。     

中国外文对外宣传期刊的历史考察

通过文献考证与案例分析,从对外传播的视野对中国外文对外宣传期刊做了全面考察。结论认为:中国自办的外文对外宣传期刊始于抗日战争时期的《保卫中国同盟新闻通讯》。其整体发展可划分为滥觞、坚持、蓬勃发展三个时期;现有的197种外文期刊中,对外宣传期刊仅有19种,其中《今日中国》与《北京周报》最具代表性。     

RECOGNITION OF STUDIES,DIPLOMAS, AND DEGREES: THE YUGOSLAV EXPERIENCE

The differences, so far as Yugoslav legislation is concerned, between “equivalence” and “recognition” are mads clear, and the Yugoslav instances authorized to make decisions on questions of equivalence and recognition are stated and their procedures, briefly described. The 7 multilateral conventions and the 13 bilateral agreements on equivalence and recognition matters are listed. More is said about the various Yugoslav instances empowered to make decisions and to give Information on questions of equivalence and recognition.     

浅谈主次梁交叉部位负筋的合理排放

本文结合计算分析，得出在主次梁交叉部位负筋的合理排放位置为次梁负筋放在主梁负筋上面。