Exclusion and Inclusion in New Zealand Early Childhood Education: Disability,discourses and contexts Exclusion et Inclusion dans l'E´ducation des Jeunes Enfants en Nouvelle Ze´lande: Handicap,discours et contextes Exclusio´n e Inclusio´n en la Discapacidad Educativa de los Menores de Nueva Zelanda,discursos y contextos

This paper addresses some issues relating to the inclusion and exclusion of young children with disabilities in regular early childhood settings. Statements from parents, early childhood educators and support staff are analysed and presented as representing a number of discourses that are the context within which disability and provisions for children with disabilities are created. Exclusionary discourses include a theme of disability as difference, whereby disabled children are considered not to be the responsibility of ordinary early childhood educators or services. Inclusionary discourses, on the other hand, have as a central theme the 'humanness' of disabled children, supporting a rights discourse and a view of disabled children as belonging in ordinary early childhood settings. Cet article s'adresse àdes sujets concernant l'inclusion et l'exclusion des jeunes enfants incapacités dans les milieux ordinaires de la première enfance. Les discours des parents, des éducateurs de la première enfance et du personnel de soutien sont analysés et présentés comme représentant de nombreux discours qui sont le contexte dans lequel l'incapacitéet les services spécialisés pour les enfants incapacités sont créés. Les discours de l'exclusion incluent un thème de l'incapacité comme la différence par laquelle les enfants incapacités ne sont pas considérés comme la responsabilitédes éducateurs ou des services ordinaires de la première enfance. En revanche les discours de l'inclusion ont l'humanitédes enfants incapacités comme un thème principal, soutenant un discours de droits et une opinion des enfants incapacités comme faisant partie des milieux ordinaires de la première enfance. Este art ¤ Iculo discute cuestiones relacionados con inclusión y exclusión de nin~os incapacitados en escenarios preescolar regular. Declaraciones de padres, educadores preescolares y personal soporte estn analizados y presentados como representando un nmero de discursos que estn en el contexto donde incapacidades, y provisiones para nin~os incapacitados, estn creados. Discursos de exclusio´n incluyen un tema de incapacidades como diferencia, donde los nin ¨ os incapacitados no estn considerados como la responsibildad de los educadores o los servicios regulares. Discursos de inclusio´n tienen como tema central 'lo humano' de los nin ¨ os incapacitados, apoyando un discurso de derechos y una vista de nin ¨ os incapacitados como s ¤ I, pertenecen a escenarios preescolar regular.     

Simplicity and Complexity in Contemporary School Leadership: A Response to Grace

Gerald Grace's (2000) paper Research and the Challenges of School Leadership: the Contribution of Critical Scholarship is applauded for making a powerful case for critical leadership studies to be taken seriously and for providing an exhortation for many educationists to think again about headship. However, this paper suggests that Grace's paper is weakened by: (a) traditionalism (e.g. a false equation of leadership with headship and neglect of more recent discourses of leadership, distributed leadership and complexity theory); (b) reductionism, oversimplification, selectivity and misrepresentation in his consideration of educational management studies; (c) neglect of the considerable overlap between critical leadership studies and educational management studies; (d) an untenably negative view of educational management studies (neglecting their potential for realising the same agenda as critical leadership studies); (e) eurocentrism; and (f) his neglect of foundational issues in, and authors on, critical theory.     

Addressing Factors Affecting Ongoing Professional Development in Community Teachers’ Colleges in Papua New Guinea

The concept of sustainable professional development in the context of community teachers’ colleges in Papua New Guinea is reviewed, with particular reference to the Papua New Guinea Community Teachers’ College Lecturers’ Professional Development Project. Seven obstacles to sustaining professional development are described, and strategies are suggested for building on the achievements of the Project in relation to personal professional development of lecturers and the review of institutional programmes and procedures.     

雅思创始人谈英语学习

“要学的是信息,而不是语言”我们要学习一个国家的语言就得知道这个国家的方方面面。要学习英语就得了解英美国家的社会、经济、人文、历史等各方面的信息。大家请看这个公式:“E≠C;C≠E”,翻译成中文就是:英语不等于汉语的翻译;汉语也不等于英语的翻译。学习英语,我们要学习的是英语国家的文化。请问大家,你们能列举出中国的主要港口吗?这个问题应该很简单。但是,请问各位,你们能列出英国的五个主要港口吗?你们知道苏格兰的首府吗?回答这两个问题也许就不是那么容易了。要把英语学习好,请大家记住:L=I=K,Language=Information=Knowle…     

Assisting children and families with military‐related disruptions: The United States Marine Corps school liaison program

Military families face a number of unique challenges, including frequent relocations and school transitions, as well as extended separations from loved ones. The military, schools, and communities have been working together to build the capacity of children, youth, and families to successfully cope with the stressors they encounter. Most branches of the military have instituted liaison programs within schools and communities to help military school‐aged children make more seamless transitions from one school to another due to relocations. This study assessed the thoughts and perceptions of U.S. Marine Corps (USMC) school liaison professionals (SLs) regarding their work with a broad array of stakeholders, both on‐ and off‐base. Generally, SLs expressed positive sentiments regarding the USMC liaison program. They also reported that they were working hard at developing stronger connections to various constituencies in position to assist military families. Unfortunately, there was some indication that SLs may be at risk for burnout. Given the needs of military children, youth, and families, SLs appear to be filling an important function that could enhance military–school–community partnerships. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

On the viability of supporting institutional sharing of remote laboratory facilities

Laboratories are generally regarded as critical to engineering education, and yet educational institutions face significant challenges in developing and maintaining high-quality laboratory facilities. Remote laboratories are increasingly being explored as a partial solution to this challenge, with research showing that – for the right learning outcomes – they can be viable adjuncts or alternatives to conventional hands-on laboratories. One consequential opportunity arising from the inherent support for distributed access is the possibility of cross-institutional shared facilities. While both technical feasibility and pedagogic implications of remote laboratories have been well studied within the literature, the organisational and logistical issues associated with shared facilities have received limited consideration. This paper uses an existing national-scale laboratory sharing initiative, along with a related survey and laboratory sharing data, to analyse a range of factors that can affect engagement in laboratory sharing. The paper also discusses the implications for supporting ongoing laboratory sharing.     

The influence of warning messages on the public's perception of substance use: A theoretical framework

We bring different theories together to develop a theoretical framework that helps to understand how early warning messages about (new) dangerous drugs can influence the public's perception of substance use. We bring together the agenda setting theory, framing theory, dual processing theory, social learning theory, health belief model, theory of planned behavior, and cultivation theory in order to explain how warning messages diffused through the mass media can have an impact on the receivers' perceptions. Based on these insights we construct the Integrated Media Effect Framework (IMFE) that takes into account the role of cultural and structural contexts in the realm of early warning systems (EWS). Ultimately, this framework provides valuable guidelines for conceptualizing EWS and for developing applications by governments.     

Fungicides in perspective: 1979

The OPEC price increases initiated in 1973 resulted in intense international preoccupation with a shortage of energy and this has tended to overshadow concern for the continuing shortage of food in many parts of the world. Yet the need for greater and more efficient food production is as pressing as ever, and in achieving this, the development of new chemical aids for preventing plant diseases is very important. Annual loss in world crops caused by disease is estimated to be of the order of £60 000 million, mostly due to fungal infections.