关于竞技状态最优调控原则体系的初步构想

对“竞技状态”概念进行了新的定义，并提出了对竞技状态进行最优调控的若干原则。     

Teaching Chemical Equilibrium with the Jigsaw Technique

This study investigates the effect of cooperative learning (jigsaw) versus individual learning methods on students’ understanding of chemical equilibrium in a first-year general chemistry course. This study was carried out in two different classes in the department of primary science education during the 2005–2006 academic year. One of the classes was randomly assigned as the non-jigsaw group (control) and other as the jigsaw group (cooperative). Students participating in the jigsaw group were divided into four “home groups” since the topic chemical equilibrium is divided into four subtopics (Modules A, B, C and D). Each of these home groups contained four students. The groups were as follows: (1) Home Group A (HGA), representing the equilibrium state and quantitative aspects of equilibrium (Module A), (2) Home Group B (HGB), representing the equilibrium constant and relationships involving equilibrium constants (Module B), (3) Home Group C (HGC), representing Altering Equilibrium Conditions: Le Chatelier’s principle (Module C), and (4) Home Group D (HGD), representing calculations with equilibrium constants (Module D). The home groups then broke apart, like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle, and the students moved into jigsaw groups consisting of members from the other home groups who were assigned the same portion of the material. The jigsaw groups were then in charge of teaching their specific subtopic to the rest of the students in their learning group. The main data collection tool was a Chemical Equilibrium Achievement Test (CEAT), which was applied to both the jigsaw and non-jigsaw groups The results indicated that the jigsaw group was more successful than the non-jigsaw group (individual learning method).     

In vivo application of poly-3-hydroxyoctanoate as peripheral nerve graft

Objective

This study aims to investigate the degree of biocompatibility and neuroregeneration of a polymer tube, poly-3-hydroxyoctanoate (PHO) in nerve gap repair.

Methods

Forty Wistar Albino male rats were randomized into two groups: autologous nerve gap repair group and PHO tube repair group. In each group, a 10-mm right sciatic nerve defect was created and reconstructed accordingly. Neuroregeneration was studied by sciatic function index (SFI), electromyography, and immunohistochemical studies on Days 7, 21, 45 and 60 of implantation. Biocompatibility was analyzed by the capsule formation around the conduit. Biodegradation was analyzed by the molecular weight loss in vivo.

Results

Electrophysiological and histomorphometric assessments demonstrated neuroregeneration in both groups over time. In the experimental group, a straight alignment of the Schwann cells parallel to the axons was detected. However, autologous nerve graft seems to have a superior neuroregeneration compared to PHO grafts. Minor biodegradation was observed in PHO conduit at the end of 60 d.

Conclusions

Although neuroregeneration is detected in PHO grafts with minor degradation in 60 d, autologous nerve graft is found to be superior in axonal regeneration compared to PHO nerve tube grafts. PHO conduits were found to create minor inflammatory reaction in vivo, resulting in good soft tissue response.     

介绍一种健康的饮料——葡萄酒

根据国际葡萄与葡萄酒组织的规定(OIv2003),葡萄酒只能是破碎或未破碎的新鲜葡萄果实或葡萄汁,经完全或部分酒精发酵后转化为酒精度不低于7度的(v/v)另一种生物产品.     

对运动员竞技能力的生物节奏特征及其在训练中运用的研究

本文运用多种研究方法,对运动员竟技能力的日生物节奏和体力、情绪、智力的多天生物节律规律,及其在不同项目、不同运动员、不同机体状况下的表现特征,以及可变性与可调性规律进行了较为全面的研究;论证了生物节奏对运动员竞技能力和比赛成绩的影响的客观存在;探索了依据生物节奏的规律合理安排训练、调控赛前竞技状态、提高竞技能力和运动成绩的可能性。     

体育强国、竞技体育强国、大众体育强国内涵的诠释与评析

2008年北京奥运会后,针对我国奥运军团在北京奥运会上取得的辉煌成绩,对我国是否已成为体育强围产生了不同的看法.在对文献资料进行全面统计分析的基础上认为,"体育强国"与"竞技体育强国"和"大众体育强国"是三个不同层次的概念,不能混为一谈.北京奥运会后,我国已成为名副其实的"世界竞技体育强国"之一,但目前还称不上是名副其实的"体育强国"和"大众体育强国".     

中国普通高校大学生运动休闲的现状分析

在对中国普通高校大学生运动休闲的有关文献资料进行综合分析的基础上，对中国大学生的体质状况及参与运动休闲活动的观念、意识、态度和动机，运动休闲消费情况及影响因素，运动休闲活动的组织与管理，以及大学生运动休闲的研究现状等，进行了较全面地分析和论证。     

球类训练对开发儿童运动和智力潜能的实验

本课题通过对60名男女儿童进行为期两年的球类训练实验研究,结果发现以强化左侧肢休来主的实验班,实验后各项运动指标,文化成绩,心智等方面均高于对照班,它不但改善了儿童不利侧肢体的“偏利”现象,而且使儿童双侧肢体得到了协调均衡发展,同时也为小学体育教材改革,进一步推进素质教育的实施提供了理论依据。     

现代学校体育理论与实践中几个热点问题的研究现状与理性思考

现代学校体育教育系统是一个具有多元化、多层次特点的复杂系统。通过对现代学校体育教育理论和实践中几个热点问题的论述,剖析现代学校体育教育的现状及２１世纪的发展趋向。