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161.
Uncontrollable Mental Imagery: Graphical Connections Between A Function And Its Derivative 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Leslie Aspinwall Kenneth L. Shaw Norma C. Presmeg 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1997,33(3):301-317
The view that imagery might be a disadvantage on certain tasks might surprise some mathematics educators who contend that a learner's conceptual understanding is increased whenever visual imagery is used. One of the limitations of imagery found in the literature comes to bear on a unique aspect of mathematics teaching and learning. This is the notion of an uncontrollable image, which may persist, thereby preventing the opening up of more fruitful avenues of thought, a difficulty which is particularly acute if the image is vivid. Although one calculus student's images supported high levels of mathematical functioning, occasionally his vivid images became uncontrollable, and the power of these images did more to obscure than to explain. This type of imagery can be a major hindrance in constructing meaning for mathematical concepts — contrary to the panacea view of imagery which is sometimes expressed.This revised version was published online in September 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
162.
163.
Reprinted from theJournal of Educational Administration and Foundations, 1989, volume 4, number 2. TheJournal is published by Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada P7B 5E1. 相似文献
164.
Robert J. Jones Ph.D. Kenneth J. Gruber Ph.D. Gary D. Timbers Ph.D. 《Child abuse & neglect》1981,5(4):431-440
This study reports the results of extensive interviews with an intact sample of moderately delinquent adolescents concerning their sexual assault histories. Findings indicate a surprisingly high incidence of victimization among the females interviewed which, the authors suggest, may characterize the larger population of delinquent females. The behavioral-situational contexts of reported victimization experiences are examined for salient commonalities and the following composite rape scenerio can be cast from the data: An unsupervised, 14-year-old female, who has been consuming alcohol or marijuana, is sexually assaulted, following threat and/or force, to the point of penile-vaginal penetration, by an older male friend or acquaintance (who has also consumed alcohol or marijuana) in his home or vehicle or other place where she is inherently unprotected. Some comments are offered concerning the requirements of an effective technology of child rape prevention. 相似文献
165.
This review examines the measurement of academic motivation in college students. It distinguishes pencil-and-paper group-administered instruments according to their conceptions of academic motivation: academic motivation taken as a single general motivation, as single specific motivations, or as a complex of motivations. It evaluates these classes of instruments in terms of the interpretability and the utility of the information each type of instrument is likely to provide. 相似文献
166.
Kenneth G. Jens Betty N. Gordon Anthony J. Shaddock 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1990,37(3):201-213
CHILDREN with mental retardation and children with normal intelligence were asked to perform a series of tasks or to only imagine performing them. They were then asked to remember which tasks had been performed and which had been imagined at an immediate interview and after an eight week delay. There were no overall differences between the two groups in the number of correct responses. However, all children gave more correct responses to specific probes than to open‐ended probes and remembered activities performed better than those imagined. Performance was more accurate for both groups at the immediate interview than at the delayed interview. Responses to questions about activities neither performed nor imagined were good for both groups of children to the initial questions but decreased significantly in response to a follow‐up probe. Accuracy of responses to these misleading questions decreased over the eight week delay. 相似文献
167.
168.
The study of learning environments has developed into a productive field of research in science education. Initially, the
design and application of classroom perceptual measures of particular dimensions of science classrooms attracted much attention.
More recently, such instruments have been used alongside of qualitative techniques to provide a richer understanding of sub-environments.
We continue this trend in the present interpretive study by exploring the nature of multiple environments within a middle
school classroom from the different perspectives of teacher, student and participant observer. In particular, we examine the
activity settings of lectures and group work, as well as the issues of learning and assessment. We conclude by arguing that
teachers need to adopt procedures that enable them to identify and plan for multiple environments. 相似文献
169.
Stephen A. Stumpf Richard D. Freedman Kenneth M. Krieger 《Research in higher education》1979,11(1):13-22
The Course-Faculty Instrument (CFI) demonstrates similar measurement properties with student populations at four diverse institutions. These students agree about the nature and extent to which course and instructor attributes relate to their learning. The results suggest that: (1) a perceived learning criterion may have general relevance to students, and (2) validity extension research is an economically feasible alternative to full-scale instrument development and validation efforts. Since validity extension is practical and facilitates cross-institutional comparisons, it appears to be a more viable strategy for researching and instituting student evaluation systems than is suggested by its current usage. 相似文献
170.
Kenneth D. Peterson Dannelle Stevens Carol Mack 《Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education》2001,15(2):121-133
The development of extensive and authentic teacher evaluation raises questions about how best to organize and present the increased amount and variety of assessment materials. Portfolios have been suggested for teacher evaluation because they are well suited to capture the complexities of teaching. However, portfolios 1) are difficult to judge, 2) are difficult to archive, 3) lack key information, 4) miss excellent teachers with simple materials, 5) rarely plan for audiences, 6) distort when required, and 7) bring conflicts of interest. Teacher dossiers are compressed collections of objective data which are easier to judge, demonstrably reliable, and cost-effective. 相似文献