英语夸张辞格的心理机制及其审美功能

本文以审美心理学为依据,从三个方面分析了英语夸张辞格生成的心理机制———审美求异心理、审美知觉的选择性,审美情感以及审美想象;并根据其心理机制,论述了英语夸张辞格创造出的形象美、意象美和意境美。     

Self-reported symptoms and risk factors for digital ischaemia among international world-class beach volleyball players

The prevalence of ischaemia-related symptoms is remarkably high among elite indoor volleyball players. Since the exposure to sport-specific demands may be higher in beach volleyball compared to indoor volleyball, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of ischaemia-related symptoms and associated risk factors among world-class beach volleyball players. Therefore, a questionnaire survey was performed among beach volleyball players active during the 2013 Grand Slam Beach Volleyball in the Netherlands. In total, 60 of the 128 beach volleyball players (47%) participated: 26 males and 34 females from 17 countries. The self-reported prevalence of cold or blue or pale digits in the dominant hand during or immediately after practice or competition was 38% (n = 23). Two risk factors were independently associated with symptoms of blue or pale digits: more than 14 years playing volleyball (odds ratio (OR) 4.42, 90% confidence interval (90% CI) 1.30–15.07) and sex (female) (OR 4.62, 90% CI 1.15–18.57). In conclusion, the prevalence of symptoms associated with digital ischaemia is high among international world-class beach volleyball players. Female sex and the length of the volleyball career were independently associated with an increased risk of ischaemia-related symptoms. The high prevalence of these seemingly innocuous symptoms and possible associated risk factors warrant regular monitoring since early detection can potentially prevent thromboembolic complications and irreversible tissue damage.     

Quality of life perception of basketball master athletes: association with physical activity level and sports injuries

This study aimed to verify the prevalence and characteristics of sports injuries (SI) and determine the association between the physical activity level (PA) and SI with perception of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Brazilian basketball master athletes. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 410 male master athletes, between 35 and 85 years of age (mean 52.26, SD ±11.83). The HRQoL was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study – Short Form-36. The PA was evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Information regarding SI was collected using the Reported Morbidity Survey. Poisson regression, as estimated by the prevalence ratio (PR), was used as a measure of the association of PA and SI with HRQoL. The majority of athletes showed a high SI prevalence (58.3%) and reported one injury (67.8%) that occurred during training (61.1%) and primarily affected a lower limb (74.6%). The adjusted regression models showed a positive association of PA with the Functional Capacity (PR = 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12–1.90) and Physical Component (PR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.03–1.70) of HRQoL. Furthermore, the SI were negatively associated with HRQoL in Functional Capacity (PR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.51–2.27), Physical Aspects (PR = 3.99, 95% CI = 3.08–5.18), Pain (PR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.26–2.16), Social Functioning (PR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.41–2.27), Emotional Aspects (PR = 4.40, 95% CI = 3.35–5.78), Mental Health domains (PR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.06–1.68), Physical Component (PR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.90–2.90) and Mental Component (PR = 2.65, 95% CI = 2.14–3.29). These results highlighted that master athletes showed a high SI prevalence, primarily in the lower limbs. PA positively correlates with the physical HRQoL domain, whereas SI may decrease the HRQoL levels of both physical and mental domains.     

Neuromuscular and technical abilities related to age in water-polo players

Testing is one of the important tasks in any multi-step sport programme. In most ball games, coaches assess motor, physical and technical skills on a regular basis in early stages of talent identification in order to further athletes’ development. The purpose of the study was to investigate anthropometric variables and vertical jump heights as a free throw effectiveness predictor in water-polo players of different age groups. Two hundred and thirty-six young (10–18 years) male water-polo players partitioned into three age groups underwent anthropometric variables’ measures and squat- and countermovement-jump tests, and performed water-polo free throws. Anthropometric variables, vertical jump heights and throw speed – as a proxy for free throw effectiveness – resulted different over age groups. Particularly, throw speed changed from 9.28 to 13.70 m · s^?1 (+48%) from younger to older players. A multiple-regression model indicated that body height, squat-jump height and throw time together explain 52% of variance of throw speed. In conclusion, tall height, high lower limb power and throwing quickness appeared to be relevant determinants for effective free throws. Such indications can help coaches during talent identification and development processes, even by means of novel training strategies. Further research is needed over different maturity statuses.     

非平衡多阶段物流系统建模与优化方法

首先提出了参数化界面分布的新概念,将一个非平衡多阶段物流系统转化为多个相互独立的单一阶段物流系统,然后采用Prüfer数对每个阶段上的物流模式进行编码.通过一种改进的解码方法,任何一个随机产生的Prüfer数都能够被解码为一个与物流系统的节点容量相匹配的可行的物流模式.基于这2点创新,建立了一种新的基于参数化界面分布和Prüfer数编码的系统建模方法,相应的遗传算法称为PIP-GA方法.与st-GA方法相比,PIP-GA不但具有更好的优化结果,而且需要的计算时间更少;虽然所需的存储空间有所增加,PIP-GA仍然是一种有效而稳健的非平衡多阶段物流系统建模与优化方法.     

世俗化语境与世纪末中国文学

20世纪末，市场化世俗化已经成为当代语境，多种化观念在世纪末的化广场上肆意地狂欢，人们普遍感到一种精神上的迷失，而世纪末的中国学则沿着金钱的路标拾缀级而下，避免对历史对现实对未来的深层理性追问，放弃了守护人的精神家园的使命感，我们必须对世纪末中国学中的灰色倾向，宗教蛊惑倾向和价值失衡倾向进行反思与批判，以重建学的道德理论主义立场。     

动态知识团队心理契约的建立

本文从分析建立动态知识团队的必要性和知识员工的特点入手，对如何管理好动态知识团队提出了新的观点；需要改变传统的绩效考核与激励办法，强调对知识员工进行兑现承诺的激励和对其价值观进行报偿；认为只有那些能够与员工达成心理契约的管理者才能成为真正的团队领袖。     

印度学位分类目录的编制、特征及其启示

学位分类目录编制攸关学位教育的管理与质量保障。印度学位分类目录是从国家层面对高校学位 名称和学位底线标准予以规范的分类系统。在高等教育内部管理体制和外部治理体系变革的综合作用下, 印度学位分类目录在分类和调整方面进行了大幅度的修改。在强化了自身功能的同时,目录的编制也充分 体现了中介机构的参与性和专业性。研究印度学位分类目录对加强我国学位授予和学科专业分类目录的科 学性、整合性、引领性具有重要参考价值。     

中美大学本科专业建设的比较及思考

专业建设是指专业的设置、调整及其管理。专业建设是大学的基本建设。自主设置和调整专业是大学遵循教育规律之举，也是大学依法自主办学的权利。目前，由于我国现行的过于刚性的“显性模式”的专业建设体制自身的局限性，政府、大学、市场三还没有真正有机统一起来，大学专业设置大同小异——重点大学无重点，地方大学无特色，专业建设的质量受到严重影响：“国家未来发展急需的高新技术类专业人才、高层次经营管理人才供给不足；面向地方经济建设的应用性人才培养薄弱；新兴、边缘、交叉学科的建设和发展重视不够；一些大学重专业外延发展，轻专业内涵建设的倾向严重；大学主动适应社会变革需要的自我发展、自我调整的专业管理机制有待形成。”因此，分析借鉴美国大学专业建设的一些长处，改变我国大学本科专业建设是部门权力、单位利益，是主管部门“统、包、管”、大学“等、靠、要”的传统计划经济的专业观，树立专业建设是承担责任、是迎接挑战、是自负后果的市场经济的专业理念，改革现行单一的僵化的国家专业建设体制和模式，建立“由点到面”、“抓大放小”、“国家一地方一大学”三级共建等多元专业建设体制和模式及其协同促动机制，将有助于专业建设质量的提高。     

论高校教学评估中馆藏文献资源建设的完善

在正确分析整个高校文献资源建设内外环境的基础上，根据教育部开展的高校教学评估工作特点及其对文献资源建设馆藏的要求，分别从宏观规划、文献质量、资源特色、改进采购方法、协调纸质与电子文献的采购以及资源共享方面阐述了如何优化资源、科学配置，完善馆藏文献资源建设，以使高校教学评估顺利完成。