Religiosity,the headscarf,and education in Turkey: an analysis of 1988 data and current implications

Previous research highlights the continuing relevance of family culture in explaining educational inequalities in Turkey, especially patriarchal beliefs and practices that discourage investment in the education of girls. We extend that research by introducing two much‐debated, but empirically untested, aspects of family culture – parental religiosity and headscarf preferences. An analysis of a nationally representative sample of 15–19 year olds in 1988 shows that while religiosity had no significant effect on educational attainment, children who lived in families whose fathers expected them to wear a headscarf in public had lower educational attainment, especially girls. The large negative headscarf effect suggests that the government ban on headscarves in schools may be an obstacle to eliminating gender inequality in education. The results are discussed in light of recent trends in Turkish society.     

Serum Ischemia-Modified Albumin in Preterm Babies with Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) may suffer from severe hypoxia, asphyxia. In this study, we aimed to evaluate serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) level as a diagnostic marker for hypoxia in preterm infants with RDS. Thirty-seven premature newborns with RDS were allocated as the study group and 42 healthy preterm neonates were selected as the control group. IMA was measured as absorbance unit (ABSU) in human serum with colorimetric assay method which is based on reduction in albumin cobalt binding. IMA levels were significantly higher in neonates with RDS as compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Cut-off value of IMA (ABSU) was 0.72, the sensitivity level was 91.9 %, the specificity was 78.6 %, positive predictive value was 79.1 % and negative predictive value was 91.7 % at RDS. Area under curve values was 0.93 (P < 0.001; 95 % CI, 0.88–0.98) in the receiver operating characteristic curve. We concluded that elevated blood IMA levels might be accepted as a useful marker for hypoxia in newborn with RDS.     

由高考理科综合试卷谈生物学科的教学及复习策略

根据2001年高考改革的方案及理科综合能力测试试卷的具体特点，生物学科在日常教学和综合复习阶段应注意的策略是：第一，注重基础知识，第二，重视生物实验，第三，强化能力训练。     

改革语文考试制度适应素质教育需要

改革语文考试制度的重要性、紧迫性。改革语文考试制度的措施和途径 :转变教育教学观念 ;对考试制度、考试内容和形式进行改革 ;实施素质教育与提高学生应试能力相一致。     

叙述形式的背后——关于叙事学形式分析的思考

本文力图超越叙事学的形式分析,将形式分析上升到美学的高度,指出叙事的形式不仅仅是形式,形式也是美,形式的变化反映了人们审美观念的变化,也反映了人类自身认识的变化.     

Roles of paper-based reading ability and ICT-related skills in online reading performance

Reading and Writing - Online reading requires a hybrid of reading and information and communication technology (ICT)-related skills. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of paper-based...     

百年汉语拼音化和汉字改革的探索和反思

回顾20世纪以来汉语拼音化和汉字改革的发展历程，评述百年来汉语现代化的经验和教训．探讨当前语言字规范工作和汉语如何走向现代化。