带有扰动算子和误差数据的不适定方程的A-光滑正则化

1　Ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　ＬｅｔＸ ,ＹｂｅｔｗｏＨｉｌｂｅｒｔｓｐａｃｅｓａｎｄｌｅｔＡ∈Ｂ(Ｘ ,Ｙ) ,ｉ .ｅ .,ａｂｏｕｎｄｅｄｌｉｎｅａｒｏｐｅｒａｔｏｒ .ＣｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｔｈｅｏｐｅｒａｔｏｒｅｑｕａｔｉｏｎＡｘ =ｙ (1.1)ＩｆＲ(Ａ) ,ｉ .ｅ .,ｔｈｅｒａｎｇｅｏｆＡ ,ｉｓｎｏｎ ｃｌｏｓｅｄｉｎＹ ,Ｅｑ .(1.1)ｉｓｉｌｌ ｐｏｓｅｄ[1] .Ｍａｎｙｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓｉｎａｐｐｌｉｅｄｓｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ ,ｅｓｐｅｃｉａｌｌｙｉｎｖｅｒｓｅｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓ ,ｒｅｓｕｌｔｉｎｔｈｉｓｋｉ…     

An Investigation of Textbook Vetting and Evaluation Process in Tanzania

Textbook vetting and evaluation process intends to ensure that the materials provided are relevant, of the required quality, suitable ad would enhance learning efficiency and effectiveness. The paper investigates the role of publishers and Tanzania Institute of Education (TIE) in the textbooks vetting and evaluation process; examines factors used to vet, evaluate and approve primary and secondary school textbooks in Tanzania and proposes Strategies that would enhance the textbook vetting, evaluation and process. The study used a mixed method research design. Respondents were selected educational publishers; MoEVT, Baraza la Kiswahili Tanzania, TIE, and Publishers Association of Tanzania. Questionnaire and semi- structured interview were used to collect data which were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. Major findings of the study were; textbooks vetting and evaluation process is not professionally conducted although standard criteria have been established; there is not well established roles among key players involved in the vetting and evaluation process leading to conflict of interest between TIE and the publishers. The study recommends establishing an independent professional evaluation board and a well-defined timetable and effective communication among various players; enacting a book policy and adopting a limited multiple-textbook publishing system.     

The Perceptions of Success Inventory for Beginning Teachers: Measuring its psychometric properties

This study investigated the construction and evaluation of an instrument called the Perceptions of Success Inventory for Beginning Teachers (PSI-BT) intended to measure factors documented in research that contribute to beginning teachers’ perceptions of success. The PSI-BT was found to assess the following factors using exploratory factor analysis: (1) Administrative Support, (2) Classroom Climate, (3) Mentor Support, (4) Colleague and Instructional Resource Support, (5) Commitment, and (6) Assignment and Workload. Internal reliability, content validity, and concurrent validity were also measured in the validation process. Our findings suggest that the PSI-BT provides a reliable and valid instrument that can provide schools with valuable feedback to ensure the success of their beginning teachers.     

A preliminary report on the role of yoga asanas on oxidative stress in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

Nineteen subjects of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) between the age group of 30–60 yrs were studied to see the effect of specific yoga asanas on fasting and postprandial blood glucose (FBG, PPG), serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA₁) in addition to drug treatment and diet control. The duration of diabetes ranged from 1–10 years. Patients with renal, cardiac and proliferative retinal diseases were excluded from the study. The same patients served as their own control. Subjects were called in the morning to the cardio-respiratory laboratory and were given training by a yoga expert. Yoga asanas included Suryanamskar, Tadasan, TriKonasan, Padmasan, Pranayam, Paschimottanasan, Ardhmatsyendrasan, Pavanmukthasan, Sarpasan and Shavasan. The asanas were done every day for 40 days for 30–40 min. FBG, PPG, serum MDA and HbA₁ were estimated before and after 40 days of yoga asanas regimen. Significant reduction was seen in FBG from 220 mg/dl to 162 mg/dl, PPG from 311 mg/dl to 255 mg/dl, MDA from 6 nmol/l to 3 nmol/l and HbA₁, from 8.8% to 6.4%. Subjects felt better and were relieved of their stresses and had an improvement in their day to day performance. The decrease was statistically significant (p<0.0001 for FBG and PPG, p<0.001 for MDA and for HbA₁).