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11.
Anita R. Bijoor S. Geetha T. Venkatesh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2004,19(2):20-22
Malabsorption syndromes causing steatorrhoea are quite common in India. Estimation of faecal fat is an important non-invasive
investigation, which provides vital information regarding the occurrence of malabsorption. The aim of this study was to estimate
the fat excretion per day in stools of apparently healthy adults on an unrestricted diet in random spot stool samples using
the Acid Steatocrit Method, which provides an alternate, simpler and yet reliable method of stool fat estimation. Several
studies have proved the correlation of the acid steatocrit method with the conventional methods. In India, however, there
has been no published data regarding the normal levels of fat in the stools, by the acid steatocrit method. We follow the
normal range values, as set by the United States and the European countries, not having a range for the Indian population.
Hence, we took up a preliminary study, to estimate stool fat in a section of normal and healthy Indian population. The result
obtained after screening 600 healthy and normal adults, showed the mean of stool fat to be 8.72 gms/24 hours, which is much
higher than that, defined by Western literature (7 gms/24 hours). This can be accounted for, by the cultural and ethnic variations
in dietary and food habits. Further studies are required in the same direction, involving larger population groups, and in
different malabsorptive conditions. 相似文献
12.
Liu Ai-jun Furusato Bungo Ravindranath Lakshmi Chen Yong-mei Srikantan Vasanta Mcleod David G. Petrovics Gyorgy Srivastava Shiv 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2007,8(12):853-859
Objective To investigate molecular alterations associating with prostate carcinoma progression and potentially provide information toward
more accurate prognosis/diagnosis.
Methods A set of laser captured microdissected (LCM) specimens from 300 prostate cancer (PCa) patients undergoing radical prostatectomy
(RP) were defined. Ten patients representing “aggressive” PCa, and 10 representing “non-aggressive” PCa were selected based
on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence, Gleason score, pathological stage and tumor cell differentiation, with matched
patient age and race between the two groups. Normal and neoplastic prostate epithelial cells were collected with LCM from
frozen tissue slides obtained from the RP specimens. The expressions of a panel of genes, including NPY, PTEN, AR, AMACR, DD3, and GSTP1, were measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (TaqMan), and correlation was analyzed with clinicopathological features.
Results The expressions of AMACR and DD3 were consistently up-regulated in cancer cells compared to benign prostate epithelial cells in all PCa patients, whereas
GSTP1 expression was down regulated in each patient. NPY, PTEN and AR exhibited a striking difference in their expression patterns between aggressive and non-aggressive PCas (P=0.0203, 0.0284, and 0.0378, respectively, Wilcoxon rank sum test). The lower expression of NPY showed association with “aggressive” PCas based on a larger PCa patient cohort analysis (P=0.0037, univariate generalized linear model (GLM) analysis).
Conclusion Despite widely noted heterogeneous nature of PCa, gene expression alterations of AMACR, DD3, and GSTP1 in LCM-derived PCa epithelial cells suggest for common underlying mechanisms in the initiation of PCa. Lower NPY expression level is significantly associated with more aggressive clinical behavior of PCa; PTEN and AR may have potential in defining PCa with aggressive clinical behavior. Studies along these lines have potential to define
PCa-associated gene expression alterations and likely co-regulation of genes/pathways critical in the biology of PCa onset/progression.
Project supported by the Center for Prostate Disease Research, and the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of
Military Medicine, Rockville, MD, USA 相似文献
13.
Raviraja A Vishal Babu GN Sehgal A Saper RB Jayawardene I Amarasiriwardena CJ Venkatesh T 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2010,25(3):326-329
Ayurveda is a traditional form of medicine used by majority of the Indians. Here we report three cases of lead toxicity, following
intake of Ayurvedic medicines. Three patients presented with blood lead levels (BLLs) of 122.4, 115 and 42.8 μg/dl respectively
at the time of hospitalization. The first case was chelated with D- penicillamine, the second with calcium disodium ethylene
diamino tetra acetate (EDTA) and the third with environmental intervention and education. Associated Ayurvedic products were
collected from patients and analyzed for metallic concentration. Cessation of Ayurvedic medication along with chelation, nutritional
intervention and education, reduced the BLL to 27.4 μg/dl in the first case after 1 year, 21.1 μg/dl after 9 months in the
second and 18.2 μg/dl after 6 months in the third case. 相似文献
14.
Lakshmi Goel Norman Johnson Iris Junglas Blake Ives 《Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education》2010,8(1):215-240
A focus on the interaction between cognitive schemas and context in situ has been suggested as fundamental in organizational decision making and information interpretation. Past research suggests that the situation and the social interaction that occur during learning at the cognitive level consist of factors that affect the process, but the research lacks a coherent explanation for how those factors affect it. We propose a conceptualization of learning, termed situated learning, which accounts for these factors. By drawing on situated cognition theory, social learning theory, and the theory of mental models, we identify and measure four components of situated learning, that is, thematic focus, cognitive absorption, social structure, and participation. Among the most important lessons for researchers and practitioners is the need to consider learning as a constellation of the four components instead of an indivisible phenomenon. This perspective can enhance our understanding of cognitive processes, such as information interpretation and decision making. 相似文献
15.
Sunil Chandy M. N. Sadananda Adiga Girija Ramaswamy C. Ramachandra Lakshmi Krishnamoorthy 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(3):258-261
Folate and cobalamin (Vitamin B12) are two essential micronutrients involved in one-carbon metabolism, which affects heart disease, neural tube defects and
cancer. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, the key enzyme involved in one carbon metabolism produces methyl tetrahydrofolate
from methylene tetrahydrofolate, which in turn donates methyl group to homocysteine to generate methionine. There exist two
common low function polymorphic variants of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene involving nucleotides 677 C→T and
1298 A→C, which are associated with hyperhomocysteinemia. These polymorphisms are also linked with increased risk for certain
cancers such as breast cancer and at the same time providing a protective effect on colorectal cancer. In this case control
study, we have evaluated levels of folic acid, vitamin B12 and homocysteine in patients with colorectal cancer. Folate and homocysteine levels did not differ significantly between
the two groups; however an increasing trend was noticed with increase in homocysteine levels. Vitamin B12 levels were increased in cases compared to control group. 相似文献
16.
Rani James K. Thriveni Girija Ramaswamy Lakshmi Krishnamoorthy Geetashree Mukherjee P. P. Vijayalaxmi Deshmane P. P. Bapsy 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(4):345-351
HER-2 is overexpressed in approximately 20–30% of invasive Breast Cancer. ECD of the HER-2 protein is frequently cleaved and
released into the circulation, where it can be detected by ELISA in up to 45% of patients with metastatic breast cancer. The
objective of our study was to compare the current methods for the detection of HER-2 protein. Tissue HER-2 levels were studied
in 100 breast cancer patients by IHC and compared with serum HER-2 levels by ELISA. IHC frequency was 29%. Serum HER-2 ECD
was positive in 42% of patients. A statistically significant correlation was observed. HER-2 detected by IHC correlates significantly
with serum HER-2 levels detected by ELISA. Thus, ELISA is a reliable and economical tool to assess the HER-2 status in tumors,
when breast tissue sample is not available. 相似文献
17.
A. Ravi Raja G. N. Vishal Babu Geraldine Menezes T. Venkatesh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(2):200-203
Awareness about the toxic effects of non-essential metals is still lacking in developing countries. Lead is one among them,
which ranks second in the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry’ s top 20 lists of toxic metals. Some of the herbal
medicines prepared from certain roots and leaves are known to contain this toxic metal at alarming levels. We have a case
of a person who suffered from the toxic effects of lead such as vomiting and colicky abdominal pain after consuming a herbal
remedy for Jaundice treatment. This went unrecognized initially because of the presence of multiple problems like Malaria
and Renal calculi. Lead poisoning as causative factor for anemia, vomiting and colic were confirmed only when blood lead concentration
was estimated. A combination of chelation therapy and nutritional supplementation was found to be useful in reducing the body
lead burden. 相似文献
18.
Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency is a hereditary disease leading to hepatitis and cirrhosis. It is the most common genetic cause
of liver disease in children which must inherit the tendency from both parents to develop. It acquires the highest priority
in the differential diagnosis in a child with chronic liver disease. In this case report we substantiate the role of serum
protein electrophoresis, in diagnosing alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. 相似文献
19.
Alka Singh Sheila Uthappa V. Govindaraju T. Venkatesh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2002,17(1):25-28
The present study conducted on twenty-five uncomplicated cases of acute myocardial infarction diagnosed by clinical and electrocardiographic
findings indicated significantly increased level of cardiac Troponin-T and increased activities of the enzymes total creatine
kinase, creatine kinase-MB, aspartate transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase as compared to the twenty-five healthy control
subjects. The level of cardiac Troponin-T and the activities of the enzymes total creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB, aspartate
transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase was found to be higher in “Q” wave myocardial infarction patients as compared to the
non-“Q” wave and the controls. Since cardiac Troponin-T has been shown to increase in unstable angina and renal failure without
cardiac disease and creatine kinase-MB activity has been found to be normal in patients with unstable angina and increase
very slightly in patients with renal failure, it was concluded that a combination of cardiac Troponin-T and creatine kinase-MB
activity was sufficient for the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. 相似文献
20.